从 种子中分离得到的皂苷 A 的拒食机制。
Antifeedant Mechanism of Saponin A Isolated from the Seeds of .
机构信息
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650100, China.
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
出版信息
Molecules. 2022 Jul 12;27(14):4464. doi: 10.3390/molecules27144464.
is a medicinal plant which has been used to treat various diseases in humans. However, the anti-insect activity of extracts from has not been evaluated. Here, we found that the total saponins from (TSDV) had strong antifeedant and growth inhibition activities against 4th-instar larvae of . The median antifeeding concentration (AFC) value of TSDV on larvae was 1621.81 μg/mL. TSDV affected the detoxification enzyme system of the larvae and also exerted antifeedant activity possibly through targeting the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system. The AFC concentration, the carboxylesterase activity, glutathione S-transferases activity, and cytochrome P450 content increased to 258%, 205%, and 215%, respectively, and likewise the glutamate decarboxylase activity and GABA content to 195% and 230%, respectively, in larvae which fed on TSDV. However, saponin A (DVSA) showed better antifeedant activity and growth inhibition activity in larvae, compared to TSDV. DVSA also exerted their antifeedant activity possibly through targeting the GABA system and subsequently affected the detoxification enzyme system. Further, DVSA directly affected the medial sensillum and the lateral sensillum of the 4th-instar larvae. Stimulation of . with DVSA elicited clear, consistent, and robust excitatory responses in a single taste cell.
是一种药用植物，已被用于治疗人类的各种疾病。然而， 的提取物的抗虫活性尚未得到评估。在这里，我们发现 总皂苷（TSDV）对 4 龄幼虫具有强烈的拒食和生长抑制活性。TSDV 对幼虫的中值拒食浓度（AFC）值为 1621.81μg/mL。TSDV 影响幼虫的解毒酶系统，并且可能通过靶向 γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）系统发挥拒食活性。AFC 浓度、羧酸酯酶活性、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶活性和细胞色素 P450 含量分别增加到 258%、205%和 215%，而谷氨酸脱羧酶活性和 GABA 含量分别增加到 195%和 230%，在幼虫食用 TSDV 的情况下。然而，与 TSDV 相比， 皂苷 A（DVSA）在幼虫中表现出更好的拒食活性和生长抑制活性。DVSA 也可能通过靶向 GABA 系统发挥其拒食活性，随后影响解毒酶系统。此外，DVSA 直接影响 4 龄幼虫的中感器和侧感器。用 DVSA 刺激 ，在单个味觉细胞中引起清晰、一致和强烈的兴奋反应。
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