Karonen Maarit
Natural Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 8;11(14):1809. doi: 10.3390/plants11141809.
Plant polyphenols have many potential applications, for example, in the fields of chemical ecology and human and animal health and nutrition. These biological benefits are related to their bioavailability, bioaccessibility and interactions with other biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, fibers and amino acids. Polyphenol-protein interactions are well-studied, but less is known about their interactions with lipids and cell membranes. However, the affinity of polyphenols for lipid bilayers partially determines their biological activity and is also important from the usability perspective. The polyphenol-lipid interactions can be studied with several chemical tools including, among others, partition coefficient measurements, calorimetric methods, spectroscopic techniques and molecular dynamics simulation. Polyphenols can variably interact with and penetrate lipid bilayers depending on the structures and concentrations of the polyphenols, the compositions of the lipids and the ambient conditions and factors. Polyphenol penetrating the lipid bilayer can perturb and cause changes in its structure and biophysical properties. The current studies have used structurally different polyphenols, diverse model lipids and various measuring techniques. This approach provides detailed information on polyphenol-lipid interactions, but there is much variability, and the results may even be contradictory, for example, in relation to the locations and orientations of the polyphenols in the lipid bilayers. Nevertheless, by using well-characterized model polyphenols and lipids systematically and combining the results obtained with several techniques within a study, it is possible to create a good overall picture of these fascinating interactions.
植物多酚有许多潜在应用，例如在化学生态学以及人类和动物健康与营养领域。这些生物学益处与其生物利用度、生物可及性以及与其他生物分子（如蛋白质、脂质、纤维和氨基酸）的相互作用有关。多酚与蛋白质的相互作用已得到充分研究，但关于它们与脂质和细胞膜的相互作用了解较少。然而，多酚对脂质双层的亲和力部分决定了它们的生物活性，从可用性角度来看也很重要。可以使用多种化学工具研究多酚 - 脂质相互作用，其中包括分配系数测量、量热法、光谱技术和分子动力学模拟等。多酚与脂质双层的相互作用和渗透方式会因多酚的结构和浓度、脂质的组成以及环境条件和因素而有所不同。穿透脂质双层的多酚会干扰并导致其结构和生物物理性质发生变化。目前的研究使用了结构不同的多酚、多种模型脂质和各种测量技术。这种方法提供了关于多酚 - 脂质相互作用的详细信息，但存在很大的变异性，结果甚至可能相互矛盾，例如在多酚在脂质双层中的位置和取向方面。然而，通过系统地使用特征明确的模型多酚和脂质，并将一项研究中用几种技术获得的结果相结合，有可能对这些迷人的相互作用形成一个良好的总体认识。
