Tiozon Rhowell Navarro, Pasion-Uy Erstelle, Alseekh Saleh, Sartagoda Kristel June D, Gempesaw Shem, Tolentino Joel H G, Fernie Alisdair R, Sreenivasulu Nese
Consumer-driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Center, Strategic Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines.
Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Jan 28;16:1533442. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1533442. eCollection 2025.
The genetic wealth present in pigmented rice varieties offer abundant variation in different sources of antioxidants to meet nutritional security targets among rice-consuming communities. There is limited knowledge of the dynamic changes in the lipidome of rice during germination and the corresponding genes associated with the antioxidant and anti-cancerous properties of lipophilic fractions of pigmented rice sprouts (PRS).
In this study, we profiled the lipidome of diverse pigmented rice collections of germinated sprouts. Further, we employed Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), gene-set analysis, and targeted association analysis to identify the candidate genes linked to these lipids.
The genetic analyses revealed 72 candidate genes involved in the regulation of these accumulating lipids in PRS. Marker trait associations (MTA) analysis shown that the combination GGTAAC/ACAAGCTGGGCCC was associated with increased levels of unsaturated lipids and carotenoids, which likely underlie these beneficial effects. This superior MTA combination exhibited potent inhibitory activity against HCT116 and A549 cell lines, with average 1/IC50 values of 0.03 and 0.02 (mL/μg), respectively, compared to the inferior MTAs.
Collectively, our findings demonstrate that MTAs linked to selected GDSL esterase/lipase (GELP) genes, OsACP1, and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase significantly enhance antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, potentially through the mobilization of unsaturated lipids and carotenoids during germination. This study offers valuable insights into the health-promoting potential of germinated rice sprouts as a rich dietary source of antioxidants beneficial to human health.
有色水稻品种中存在的遗传财富为不同来源的抗氧化剂提供了丰富的变异，以满足以水稻为食的社区的营养安全目标。关于水稻发芽过程中脂质组的动态变化以及与有色水稻芽（PRS）亲脂性部分的抗氧化和抗癌特性相关的相应基因，我们了解有限。
在本研究中，我们对不同有色水稻发芽芽苗的脂质组进行了分析。此外，我们采用全基因组关联研究（GWAS）、基因集分析和靶向关联分析来鉴定与这些脂质相关的候选基因。
遗传分析揭示了72个参与调控PRS中这些积累脂质的候选基因。标记性状关联（MTA）分析表明，GGTAAC/ACAAGCTGGGCCC组合与不饱和脂质和类胡萝卜素水平的升高相关，这可能是这些有益作用的基础。与较差的MTA相比，这种优越的MTA组合对HCT116和A549细胞系表现出强大的抑制活性，平均1/IC50值分别为0.03和0.02（mL/μg）。
总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，与选定的GDSL酯酶/脂肪酶（GELP）基因、OsACP1和卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶相关的MTA通过发芽过程中不饱和脂质和类胡萝卜素的动员，显著增强了抗氧化和抗癌特性。这项研究为发芽水稻芽作为一种有益于人类健康的丰富抗氧化剂膳食来源的健康促进潜力提供了有价值的见解。
