Lombardo Sara, Scavo Aurelio, Pandino Gaetano, Cantone Marco, Mauromicale Giovanni
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (Di3A), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Jul 14;11(14):1845. doi: 10.3390/plants11141845.
Increasing interest has been shown in globe artichoke for pharmaceutical and food applications as a significant source of polyphenol compounds. With the aim to improve the polyphenol profile of globe artichoke, an open-field experiment is set up to study the effect of gibberellic acid (GA) application on the cynaropicrin, caffeoylquinic acid and flavone levels of three genotypes ('Apollo', 'Tema 2000' and 'Violet de Provence'), along with crop earliness, yield and bio-morphological plant response. The results indicate that GA treatment is more effective in terms of total polyphenol and caffeoylquinic acid accumulation in 'Apollo', regardless of the plant parts analyzed. In particular, the leaves of 'Apollo' were the richest source of luteolin derivatives of 5-- and 1,5-di--caffeoylquinic acids. On average across the genotypes, GA treatment favored the accumulation of apigenin derivatives in the floral stem, and caffeoylquinic acid and cynaropicrin in the leaves. From the perspective of yield, GA treatment allowed us to anticipate the first harvest in each genotype, while either maintaining ('Apollo', 'Violet de Provence') or enhancing ('Tema 2000') the fresh weight yield. In conclusion, this study could be interesting for promoting GA usage to ameliorate the globe artichoke nutraceutical profile and to anticipate the first harvest for fresh marketing without significant yield losses.
作为多酚化合物的重要来源，朝鲜蓟在制药和食品应用方面越来越受到关注。为了改善朝鲜蓟的多酚谱，开展了一项田间试验，研究施用赤霉素（GA）对三种基因型（“阿波罗”、“特马2000”和“紫罗兰普罗旺斯”）的洋蓟苦素、咖啡酰奎宁酸和黄酮水平的影响，以及作物早熟性、产量和生物形态学植物反应。结果表明无论分析的是植株的哪个部位，GA处理在“阿波罗”基因型中对总多酚和咖啡酰奎宁酸的积累更有效。特别是，“阿波罗”的叶片是木犀草素衍生物5-和1,5-二咖啡酰奎宁酸的最丰富来源。在所有基因型中，GA处理平均有利于花茎中芹菜素衍生物以及叶片中咖啡酰奎宁酸和洋蓟苦素的积累。从产量角度来看，GA处理使我们能够提前收获每个基因型的作物，同时保持（“阿波罗”、“紫罗兰普罗旺斯”）或提高（“特马2000”）鲜重产量。总之，这项研究对于推广GA的使用以改善朝鲜蓟的营养成分以及提前收获进行新鲜销售且不造成显著产量损失可能具有重要意义。
