Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de S. Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
Molecules. 2024 Aug 22;29(16):3960. doi: 10.3390/molecules29163960.
Artichokes ( L.) are valuable foods, thanks to their health benefits, but they generate significant waste during their production, harvesting, and processing, which poses sustainability issues. This study applied an agroprospecting approach to convert Tema artichoke biowaste (TB) into valuable resources, starting from a global perspective of the production chain to the targeted applications based on chemical and biological analysis. The major TB was identified in the outer bracts of the immature flower heads, which were collected throughout the harvesting season, extracted, and analyzed. The most abundant compounds were phenolic acids including chlorogenic acid and caffeoylquinic derivatives. Among flavonoids, cynaroside was the most abundant compound. Multivariate analysis distinguished batches by collection period, explaining 77.7% of the variance, with most compounds increasing in concentration later in the harvest season. Subsequently, TB extracts were analyzed for their potential in wound healing and anti-aging properties. Fibroblasts were used to assess the effect of selected extracts on cell migration through a scratch wound assay and on cellular senescence induced by etoposide. The results show a significant decrease in senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, γH2AX nuclear accumulation, and both p53 and p21 protein levels. Overall, this study ascribes relevant anti-skin aging effects to TB, thus increasing its industrial value in cosmeceutical and nutraceutical applications.
朝鲜蓟（L.）是一种有价值的食物，因为它们对健康有益，但在生产、收获和加工过程中会产生大量的废物，这带来了可持续性问题。本研究应用农业展望方法，将特马朝鲜蓟生物废料（TB）转化为有价值的资源，从全球生产链的角度出发，针对基于化学和生物学分析的目标应用。主要的 TB 存在于未成熟花头的外苞片中，这些外苞片在整个收获季节都被收集、提取并进行了分析。最丰富的化合物是酚酸，包括绿原酸和咖啡酰奎宁衍生物。在类黄酮中，芹糖配基是最丰富的化合物。多变量分析通过收集期区分批次，解释了 77.7%的方差，大多数化合物在收获季节后期浓度增加。随后，分析 TB 提取物在伤口愈合和抗衰老特性方面的潜在应用。使用成纤维细胞通过划痕伤口试验评估选定提取物对细胞迁移的影响，以及依托泊苷诱导的细胞衰老。结果表明，衰老相关的β-半乳糖苷酶活性、γH2AX 核积累以及 p53 和 p21 蛋白水平均显著降低。总的来说，这项研究将 TB 的相关抗皮肤衰老作用归因于 TB，从而增加了 TB 在化妆品和营养保健品应用中的工业价值。
