Li Junli, Lu Jinbiao, Wang Guozhi, Zhao Aihua, Xu Miao
Division of Tuberculosis Vaccine and Allergen Products, Institute of Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China.
Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Beijing 102629, China.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jul 20;10(7):1157. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10071157.
The BCG vaccine is prepared from a weakened strain of (), a bacterium closely related to (MTB), which causes tuberculosis (TB). The vaccine was developed over 13 years, from 1908 to 1921, in the French Institut Pasteur by Léon Charles Albert Calmette and Jean-Marie Camille Guérin, who named the product Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). BCG, the only licensed vaccine currently available to prevent TB, is given to infants at high risk of TB shortly after birth to protect infants and young children from pulmonary, meningeal, and disseminated TB. The BCG vaccine, one of the safest and most widely used live attenuated vaccines in the world, recently celebrated its 100th anniversary (from 1921 to 2021); its record of use in preventing TB in China is also approaching 100 years. In 2022, a new century of BCG vaccine immunization will begin. In this article, we briefly review the history of BCG vaccine use in China, describe its current status, and offer a preliminary outlook on the future of the vaccine, to provide BCG researchers with a clearer understanding of its use in China.
卡介苗是由一种减毒株（）制备而成，该细菌与导致结核病（TB）的结核分枝杆菌（MTB）密切相关。这种疫苗从1908年到1921年历经13年研发而成，由法国巴斯德研究所的莱昂·查尔斯·阿尔贝·卡尔梅特和让 - 玛丽·卡米耶·介兰研制，他们将该产品命名为卡介苗（BCG）。卡介苗是目前唯一获得许可用于预防结核病的疫苗，在出生后不久就会接种给结核病高危婴儿，以保护婴幼儿免受肺结核、结核性脑膜炎和播散性结核病的侵害。卡介苗是世界上最安全、使用最广泛的减毒活疫苗之一，最近迎来了其100周年纪念（从1921年到2021年）；其在中国预防结核病的使用记录也将近100年。2022年，卡介苗免疫接种将开启新的世纪。在本文中，我们简要回顾卡介苗在中国的使用历史，描述其现状，并对该疫苗的未来进行初步展望，以便让卡介苗研究人员更清楚地了解其在中国的使用情况。
