Chela Harleen Kaur, Gangu Karthik, Ertugrul Hamza, Juboori Alhareth Al, Daglilar Ebubekir, Tahan Veysel
Department of Gastroenterology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
Diseases. 2022 Jul 7;10(3):44. doi: 10.3390/diseases10030044.
Esophageal cancer is a devastating malignancy which can be detected at an early stage but is more often diagnosed as an advanced process. It affects both men and women and inflicts the young and the elderly. There are multiple underlying factors involved in the pathogenesis of this cancer including inflammation. The interplay of these factors promotes inflammation through various mechanisms including the recruitment of pro-inflammatory cells, mediators such as cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and interleukins, among others. The presentation can vary widely with one of the most notable symptoms being dysphagia. Diagnosis is based on clinical symptomatology, imaging and endoscopy with biopsy. Once the diagnosis has been established, treatment and prognosis are based on the stage of the disease. This review outlines esophageal cancer and its link to inflammation in relation to pathogenesis, along with clinical features, diagnosis and treatment.
食管癌是一种极具破坏性的恶性肿瘤，虽可在早期被发现，但更多时候被诊断为进展期疾病。它对男性和女性均有影响，且侵袭年轻人和老年人。该癌症的发病机制涉及多种潜在因素，包括炎症。这些因素之间的相互作用通过多种机制促进炎症，包括募集促炎细胞、细胞因子、活性氧和白细胞介素等介质。临床表现差异很大，最显著的症状之一是吞咽困难。诊断基于临床症状、影像学检查以及内镜检查并活检。一旦确诊，治疗和预后取决于疾病的分期。本综述概述了食管癌及其在发病机制方面与炎症的联系，以及临床特征、诊断和治疗。
