Khan Mohd Kamran, Pandey Anamika, Hamurcu Mehmet, Germ Mateja, Yilmaz Fatma Gokmen, Ozbek Merve, Avsaroglu Zuhal Zeynep, Topal Ali, Gezgin Sait
Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya 42079, Turkey.
Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Jul 22;11(8):1094. doi: 10.3390/biology11081094.
Boron (B) is a crucial microelement for several biological processes in plants; however, it becomes hazardous when present in excess in the soil. B toxicity adversely affects the wheat yield all around the world, particularly in the arid and semiarid regions. Aegilops, the nearest wild wheat relatives, could be an efficient source to develop B toxicity tolerance in modern cultivars. However, to potentially utilize these species, it is necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms that are involved in providing them tolerance. Other than hampering cellular and physiological activities, high B inhibits the uptake of nutrients in wheat plants that lead to nutrients deficiency causing a hindered growth. Thus, it is crucial to determine the effect of B toxicity on nutrient uptake and finally, to understand the role of nutrient homeostasis in developing the adaptive mechanism in tolerant species. Unfortunately, none of the studies to date has explored the effect of high B supply on the nutrient uptake in B toxicity tolerant wild wheat species. In this study, we explored the effect of 1 mM B (toxic B), and 10 mM B (very toxic B) B on the nutrient uptake in 19 Aegilops genotypes differing in B tolerance in contrast to Bolal 2973, the familiar B tolerant genotype. The obtained outcomes suggested a significant association between the B toxicity tolerance and the level of nutrient uptake in different genotypes. The B toxicity tolerant genotypes, Ab2 (TGB 026219, genotype) and Ac4 (TGB 000107, genotype) were clustered together in the nutrient homeostasis-based heat map. Though B toxicity mostly had an inhibitory effect on the uptake of nutrients in root-shoot tissues, the tolerant genotypes revealed an increase in nutrient uptake under B toxicity in contrast with Control. The study directs towards future research where the role of external supply of few nutrients in enhancing the B toxicity tolerance of susceptible genotypes can be studied. Moreover, the genotype-dependent variation in the nutrient profile of the studied Aegilops genotypes under high B suggested that increasing number of Aegilops germplasm should be screened for B toxicity tolerance for their successful inclusion in the pre-breeding programs focusing on this issue.
硼（B）是植物多种生物过程中至关重要的微量元素；然而，当土壤中硼含量过高时，它就会变得有害。硼中毒对全球小麦产量产生不利影响，在干旱和半干旱地区尤为明显。节节麦属是与小麦亲缘关系最近的野生植物，可能是培育现代品种硼中毒耐受性的有效来源。然而，要想潜在地利用这些物种，有必要了解赋予它们耐受性的潜在机制。除了阻碍细胞和生理活动外，高硼还会抑制小麦植株对养分的吸收，导致养分缺乏，从而阻碍生长。因此，确定硼中毒对养分吸收的影响，并最终了解养分稳态在耐受性物种适应性机制形成中的作用至关重要。不幸的是，迄今为止，尚无研究探讨高硼供应对耐硼中毒野生小麦物种养分吸收的影响。在本研究中，我们探究了1 mM硼（有毒硼）和10 mM硼（剧毒硼）对19种不同硼耐受性的节节麦属基因型养分吸收的影响，并与常见的耐硼基因型博拉2973进行对比。所得结果表明，不同基因型的硼中毒耐受性与养分吸收水平之间存在显著关联。基于养分稳态的热图中，耐硼中毒基因型Ab2（TGB 026219基因型）和Ac4（TGB 000107基因型）聚集在一起。虽然硼中毒大多对根茎组织的养分吸收有抑制作用，但与对照相比，耐硼基因型在硼中毒情况下养分吸收有所增加。该研究为未来的研究指明了方向，即可以研究少量养分的外部供应在增强易感基因型硼中毒耐受性方面的作用。此外，在高硼条件下，所研究的节节麦属基因型养分特征存在基因型依赖性差异，这表明应筛选更多节节麦种质的硼中毒耐受性，以便成功将其纳入针对该问题的预育种计划。
