Reddy Raghuram, Mintz Joel, Golan Roei, Firdaus Fakiha, Ponce Roxana, Van Booven Derek, Manoharan Aysswarya, Issa Isabelle, Blomberg Bonnie B, Arora Himanshu
Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Jul 22;10(8):1165. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10081165.
Patients with cancer tend to develop antibodies to autologous proteins. This phenomenon has been observed across multiple cancer types, including bladder, lung, colon, prostate, and melanoma. These antibodies potentially arise due to induced inflammation or an increase in self-antigens. Studies focusing on antibody diversity are particularly attractive for their diagnostic value considering antibodies are present at an early diseased stage, serum samples are relatively easy to obtain, and the prevalence of antibodies is high even when the target antigen is minimally expressed. Conversely, the surveillance of serum proteins in cancer patients is relatively challenging because they often show variability in expression and are less abundant. Moreover, an antibody's presence is also useful as it suggests the relative immunogenicity of a given antigen. For these reasons, profiling antibodies' responses is actively considered to detect the spread of antigens following immunotherapy. The current review focuses on expanding the knowledge of antibodies and their diversity, and the impact of antibody diversity on cancer regression and progression.
癌症患者往往会产生针对自身蛋白质的抗体。这种现象在多种癌症类型中都有观察到，包括膀胱癌、肺癌、结肠癌、前列腺癌和黑色素瘤。这些抗体可能是由于诱导炎症或自身抗原增加而产生的。考虑到抗体在疾病早期就存在、血清样本相对容易获取且即使靶抗原表达极少时抗体的患病率也很高，专注于抗体多样性的研究因其诊断价值而特别有吸引力。相反，监测癌症患者的血清蛋白相对具有挑战性，因为它们的表达往往存在变异性且丰度较低。此外，抗体的存在也很有用，因为它表明了给定抗原的相对免疫原性。出于这些原因，人们积极考虑分析抗体反应以检测免疫治疗后抗原的扩散。本综述着重于拓展对抗体及其多样性的认识，以及抗体多样性对癌症消退和进展的影响。
