Mohammadzadehmoghadam Soheila, LeGrand Catherine F, Wong Chee-Wai, Kinnear Beverley F, Dong Yu, Coombe Deirdre R
School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Jul 25;14(15):3004. doi: 10.3390/polym14153004.
The production of nanofibrous materials for soft tissue repair that resemble extracellular matrices (ECMs) is challenging. Electrospinning uniquely produces scaffolds resembling the ultrastructure of natural ECMs. Herein, electrospinning was used to fabricate silk fibroin (SF) and SF/halloysite nanotube (HNT) composite scaffolds. Different HNT loadings were examined, but 1 wt% HNTs enhanced scaffold hydrophilicity and water uptake capacity without loss of mechanical strength. The inclusion of 1 wt% HNTs in SF scaffolds also increased the scaffold's thermal stability without altering the molecular structure of the SF, as revealed by thermogravimetric analyses and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. SF/HNT 1 wt% composite scaffolds better supported the viability and spreading of 3T3 fibroblasts and the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts into aligned myotubes. These scaffolds coated with decellularised ECM from 3T3 cells or primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) supported the growth of primary human keratinocytes. However, SF/HNT 1 wt% composite scaffolds with HDF-derived ECM provided the best microenvironment, as on these, keratinocytes formed intact monolayers with an undifferentiated, basal cell phenotype. Our data indicate the merits of SF/HNT 1 wt% composite scaffolds for applications in soft tissue repair and the expansion of primary human keratinocytes for skin regeneration.
生产类似于细胞外基质（ECM）的用于软组织修复的纳米纤维材料具有挑战性。静电纺丝独特地生产出类似于天然ECM超微结构的支架。在此，采用静电纺丝法制备了丝素蛋白（SF）和SF/埃洛石纳米管（HNT）复合支架。研究了不同的HNT负载量，结果表明，1 wt%的HNT可提高支架的亲水性和吸水能力，且不会损失机械强度。热重分析和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分别显示，在SF支架中加入1 wt%的HNT还可提高支架的热稳定性，而不会改变SF的分子结构。1 wt%的SF/HNT复合支架能更好地支持3T3成纤维细胞的活力和铺展，以及C2C12成肌细胞向排列整齐的肌管分化。这些涂有来自3T3细胞或原代人皮肤成纤维细胞（HDF）的脱细胞ECM的支架支持原代人角质形成细胞的生长。然而，含有HDF来源的ECM的1 wt%的SF/HNT复合支架提供了最佳的微环境，因为在这些支架上，角质形成细胞形成了具有未分化基底细胞表型的完整单层。我们的数据表明，1 wt%的SF/HNT复合支架在软组织修复以及用于皮肤再生的原代人角质形成细胞扩增方面具有优势。
