Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural Universitygrid.411859.0, Nanchang, China.
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural Universitygrid.411859.0, Nanchang, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Aug 31;10(4):e0022722. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00227-22. Epub 2022 Jul 27.
Soil nutrients and microbial community play a central role in determining crop productivity in agroecosystems. However, the relationship between microbial community structure and soil nutrients in various crop rotation-fallow systems remains unclear. Thus, we designed a 3-year crop rotation-fallow field with five cropping systems (one continuous cropping, three rotational cropping, and one fallow system). We conducted a comprehensive analysis by evaluating crop yield, soil physicochemical properties, and overall bacteria composition. Our results showed that rotation-fallow treatments markedly influenced the crop yield and soil physicochemical properties. , , and were the dominant phyla in all rotation-fallow treatments. pH, available-phosphorus, total nitrogen, and soil organic matter had considerable effects on the soil bacterial community structure in 2019; however, only available-phosphorus had an impact on soil bacterial community in each treatment in 2020. In summary, with the increase of tillage years, different rotational fallow systems can increase paddy yield by promoting soil nutrient uptake and increasing the relative abundances of bacteria in paddy fields. Soil nutrients and microbial community play a central role in determining crop productivity. Therefore, elucidating the microbial mechanisms associated with different cropping systems is indispensable for understanding the sustainability of agroecosystem. In the present study, we designed a 3-year field rotation experiment using five cropping systems, including one continuous cropping, three rotational cropping, and one fallow system, to indagate the outcomes of soil microbial community structures in the different tillage systems. Our results showed that the different rotational fallow systems had positive impacts on crop yield, soil physicochemical properties, and bacterial community structure and that available phosphorus might be a key determinant for the limited bacterial community structure in various rotation-fallow systems following a 3-year field experiment. This study suggests that crop rotation-fallow systems play critical roles in improving bacterial community structure.
土壤养分和微生物群落在确定农业生态系统中的作物生产力方面起着核心作用。然而，在各种轮作-休耕系统中，微生物群落结构与土壤养分之间的关系尚不清楚。因此，我们设计了一个为期 3 年的轮作-休耕田间试验，采用 5 种种植制度（1 种连续种植、3 种轮作、1 种休耕）。我们通过评估作物产量、土壤理化性质和整体细菌组成进行了综合分析。结果表明，轮作-休耕处理显著影响作物产量和土壤理化性质。在所有轮作-休耕处理中， 、 、 和 是主要的门。pH 值、有效磷、全氮和土壤有机质对 2019 年土壤细菌群落结构有较大影响；而在 2020 年，仅有有效磷对各处理的土壤细菌群落结构有影响。总之，随着耕作年限的增加，不同的轮作-休耕制度可以通过促进土壤养分吸收和增加稻田中细菌的相对丰度来提高水稻产量。土壤养分和微生物群落在确定作物生产力方面起着核心作用。因此，阐明与不同种植制度相关的微生物机制对于理解农业生态系统的可持续性是必不可少的。在本研究中，我们设计了一个为期 3 年的田间轮作试验，采用 5 种种植制度，包括 1 种连续种植、3 种轮作和 1 种休耕制度，以研究不同耕作制度下土壤微生物群落结构的变化。结果表明，不同的轮作-休耕制度对作物产量、土壤理化性质和细菌群落结构有积极影响，而在 3 年田间试验后，有效磷可能是各种轮作-休耕系统中限制细菌群落结构的关键因素。本研究表明，轮作-休耕制度在改善细菌群落结构方面起着关键作用。
