Division of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery.
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Aug 1;34(4):210-219. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000798.
Endometriosis is a complex benign gynaecologic condition with heterogenous presentations and a large impact on the global healthcare system and on the quality of life for millions of women. Currently, the gold standard for diagnosis involves direct visualization of lesions during surgery confirmed by histopathological diagnosis, resulting in an average delay in its initial diagnosis of 8-10 years. Therefore, the search for noninvasive diagnostic testing options has been subject to a large body of research.
Multiple potential biomarkers have been explored for noninvasive testing for endometriosis, including glycoproteins, inflammatory cytokines, immunological molecules, angiogenesis markers, hormones, micro RNAs (miRNAs), proteomics, metabolomics, genomics and the microbiome.
Although there are challenges to consider, areas for real promise and advancement in the noninvasive diagnosis of endometriosis are currently being explored with real promise in the area of miRNAs, proteomics, metabolomics, genomics and the microbiome.
子宫内膜异位症是一种复杂的良性妇科疾病，其表现具有异质性，对全球医疗保健系统和数百 万妇女的生活质量都有重大影响。目前，诊断的金标准是在手术中直接观察到病变，并通过组织病理学诊断加以确认，这导致其最初诊断的平均延迟时间为 8-10 年。因此，人们一直在寻找非侵入性诊断检测选项。
人们探索了多种潜在的生物标志物用于子宫内膜异位症的非侵入性检测，包括糖蛋白、炎症细胞因子、免疫分子、血管生成标志物、激素、微小 RNA（miRNA）、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、基因组学和微生物组。
尽管需要考虑一些挑战，但目前正在 miRNA、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、基因组学和微生物组等领域探索子宫内膜异位症非侵入性诊断的真正有希望和有进展的方向。
