Reinhart W H
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1987 May 2;117(18):693-7.
Blood viscosity is a major determinant of blood flow. Whole blood is a non-Newtonian fluid, i.e. its viscosity increases with decreasing shear rate (flow rate). Blood viscosity is determined by hematocrit, plasma viscosity, red cell aggregation and red cell deformability. The rheological therapy for high hematocrit is phlebotomy, and for high plasma viscosity and red cell aggregation it is plasmapheresis or hemodilution. Much effort has recently been devoted to influencing red cell deformability, the major determinant for flow in the microcirculation, by pharmacological means. No improvement in red cell deformability, however, has been unequivocally demonstrated for any drug available today.
血液粘度是血流的主要决定因素。全血是一种非牛顿流体，即其粘度随剪切速率（流速）降低而增加。血液粘度由血细胞比容、血浆粘度、红细胞聚集和红细胞变形性决定。针对高血细胞比容的流变治疗方法是放血，针对高血浆粘度和红细胞聚集的治疗方法是血浆置换或血液稀释。最近人们致力于通过药理学手段影响红细胞变形性，这是微循环中血流的主要决定因素。然而，目前尚无任何药物能明确证明可改善红细胞变形性。
