Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Pescara Public Hospital, Pescara, Italy.
Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BIND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Ital J Pediatr. 2022 Jul 27;48(1):125. doi: 10.1186/s13052-022-01313-7.
Neurological vertigo is a common symptom in children and adults presenting to the emergency department (ED) and its evaluation may be challenging, requiring often the intervention of different medical specialties. When vertigo is associated with other specific symptoms or signs, a differential diagnosis may be easier. Conversely, if the patient exhibits isolated vertigo, the diagnostic approach becomes complex and only through a detailed history, a complete physical examination and specific tests the clinician can reach the correct diagnosis. Approach to vertigo in ED is considerably different in children and adults due to the differences in incidence and prevalence of the various causes. The aim of this systematic review is to describe the etiopathologies of neurological vertigo in childhood and adulthood, highlighting the characteristics and the investigations that may lead clinicians to a proper diagnosis. Finally, this review aims to develop an algorithm that could represent a valid diagnostic support for emergency physicians in approaching patients with isolated vertigo, both in pediatric and adult age.
神经源性眩晕是儿童和成人在急诊科就诊的常见症状，其评估可能具有挑战性，通常需要不同医学专业的介入。当眩晕伴有其他特定症状或体征时，鉴别诊断可能更容易。相反，如果患者表现出孤立性眩晕，诊断方法则变得复杂，只有通过详细的病史、全面的体格检查和特定的检查，临床医生才能做出正确的诊断。由于各种原因的发病率和患病率不同，急诊科对眩晕的处理在儿童和成人中存在显著差异。本系统评价的目的是描述儿童和成人神经源性眩晕的病因病理学，强调可能导致临床医生做出正确诊断的特征和检查。最后，本综述旨在制定一个算法，为急诊科医生在处理儿童和成人孤立性眩晕患者时提供有效的诊断支持。
