中国猫栉首蚤和人蚤的种群遗传学及遗传变异：核基因和线粒体基因分析。
Population genetics and genetic variation of Ctenocephalides felis and Pulex irritans in China by analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial genes.
机构信息
Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
The Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine & Protein Engineering, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2022 Jul 27;15(1):266. doi: 10.1186/s13071-022-05393-6.
BACKGROUND
Fleas are the most economically significant blood-feeding ectoparasites worldwide. Ctenocephalides felis and Pulex irritans can parasitize various animals closely related to humans and are of high veterinary significance.
METHODS
In this study, 82 samples were collected from 7 provinces of China. Through studying the nuclear genes ITS1 and EF-1α and two different mitochondrial genes cox1 and cox2, the population genetics and genetic variation of C. felis and P. irritans in China were further investigated.
RESULTS
The intraspecies differences between C. felis and P. irritans ranged from 0 to 3.9%. The interspecific variance in the EF-1α, cox1, and cox2 sequences was 8.2-18.3%, while the ITS1 sequence was 50.1-52.2%. High genetic diversity was observed in both C. felis and P. irritans, and the nucleotide diversity of cox1 was higher than that of cox2. Moderate gene flow was detected in the C. felis and P. irritans populations. Both species possessed many haplotypes, but the haplotype distribution was uneven. Fu's Fs and Tajima's D tests showed that C. felis and P. irritans experienced a bottleneck effect in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Henan province. Evolutionary analysis suggested that C. felis may have two geographical lineages in China, while no multiple lineages of P.irritans were found.
CONCLUSIONS
Using sequence comparison and the construction of phylogenetic trees, we found a moderate amount of gene flow in the C. felis and P. irritans populations. Both species possessed many haplotypes, but the distribution of haplotypes varied among the provinces. Fu's Fs and Tajima's D tests indicated that both species had experienced a bottleneck effect in Guangxi and Henan provinces. Evolutionary analysis suggested that C. felis may have two geographical lineages in China, while no multiple lineages of P.irritans were found. This study will help better understand fleas' population genetics and evolutionary biology.
背景
跳蚤是全世界经济意义上最重要的吸血寄生性外寄生虫。猫栉首蚤和人蚤可寄生在与人类关系密切的各种动物身上，具有重要的兽医意义。
方法
本研究从中国 7 个省采集了 82 个样本。通过研究核基因 ITS1 和 EF-1α以及两个不同的线粒体基因 cox1 和 cox2，进一步研究了中国猫栉首蚤和人蚤的种群遗传学和遗传变异。
结果
猫栉首蚤和人蚤的种内差异在 0 到 3.9%之间。EF-1α、cox1 和 cox2 序列的种间差异为 8.2-18.3%，而 ITS1 序列为 50.1-52.2%。猫栉首蚤和人蚤均表现出较高的遗传多样性，cox1 的核苷酸多样性高于 cox2。在猫栉首蚤和人蚤种群中检测到适度的基因流。这两个物种都拥有许多单倍型，但单倍型分布不均匀。Fu's Fs 和 Tajima's D 检验表明，猫栉首蚤和人蚤在广西壮族自治区和河南省经历了瓶颈效应。进化分析表明，中国的猫栉首蚤可能有两个地理谱系，而人蚤没有发现多个谱系。
结论
通过序列比较和系统发育树的构建，我们发现猫栉首蚤和人蚤种群中有适度的基因流动。这两个物种都拥有许多单倍型，但各省的单倍型分布不均匀。Fu's Fs 和 Tajima's D 检验表明，这两个物种在广西和河南都经历了瓶颈效应。进化分析表明，中国的猫栉首蚤可能有两个地理谱系，而人蚤没有发现多个谱系。本研究有助于更好地了解跳蚤的种群遗传学和进化生物学。
Zotero 插件