Scherbring Steffen, Chen Guanghui, Veltel Bastian, Bartzsch Gert, Richter Julia, Vollmer Malte, Blankenburg Malte, Shyamal Saikat, Volkova Olena, Niendorf Thomas, Lienert Ulrich, Sahu Puspendu, Mola Javad
Materials Design and Structural Integrity Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Computer Sciences, Osnabrück University of Applied Sciences, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
Institute of Iron and Steel Technology, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, 09599 Freiberg, Germany.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Jul 23;15(15):5121. doi: 10.3390/ma15155121.
Metallic material concepts associated with the sustainable and efficient use of resources are currently the subject of intensive research. Al addition to steel offers advantages in view of lightweight, durability, and efficient use of high-Fe scrap from the Al industry. In the present work, Al was added to Fe-12Cr-(9,12)Ni-3Mn-0.3C-xAl (x = 0.1-6) (wt.%) stainless steels to assess its influence on microstructure and mechanical properties. According to density measurements based on Archimedes' principle, densities were between 7.70 and 7.08 g/cm. High-energy X-ray diffraction estimations of the lattice parameter indicated that nearly 31% of density reduction was caused by the lattice expansion associated with Al addition. Depending on Al concentration, austenitic and duplex matrix microstructures were obtained at room temperature. In the presence of up to 3 wt.% Al, the microstructure remained austenitic. At the same time, strength and hardness were slightly enhanced. Al addition in higher quantities resulted in the formation of duplex matrix microstructures with enhanced yield strength but reduced ductility compared to the austenitic alloys. Due to the ready formation of B2-(Ni,Fe)Al intermetallics in the ferrite phase of the present alloy system, the increase in strength due to the presence of ferrite was more pronounced compared to standard duplex stainless steels. The occurrence of B2 intermetallics was implied by dilatometry measurements and confirmed by electron microscopy examinations and high-energy X-ray diffraction measurements.
与资源的可持续和高效利用相关的金属材料概念目前是深入研究的主题。鉴于轻量化、耐久性以及铝工业中高铁废料的高效利用，在钢中添加铝具有优势。在本研究中，向Fe-12Cr-(9,12)Ni-3Mn-0.3C-xAl（x = 0.1-6）（重量百分比）不锈钢中添加铝，以评估其对微观结构和力学性能的影响。根据基于阿基米德原理的密度测量，密度在7.70至7.08 g/cm之间。晶格参数的高能X射线衍射估计表明，近31%的密度降低是由与添加铝相关的晶格膨胀引起的。根据铝的浓度，在室温下获得了奥氏体和双相基体微观结构。当铝含量高达3 wt.%时，微观结构仍为奥氏体。同时，强度和硬度略有提高。与奥氏体合金相比，大量添加铝导致形成双相基体微观结构，屈服强度提高，但延展性降低。由于在本合金体系的铁素体相中易于形成B2-(Ni,Fe)Al金属间化合物，与标准双相不锈钢相比，由于铁素体的存在导致的强度增加更为明显。热膨胀测量表明存在B2金属间化合物，电子显微镜检查和高能X射线衍射测量证实了这一点。
