Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2023 Jan;33(1):21-28. doi: 10.1177/11206721221116210. Epub 2022 Jul 27.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now known to be associated with several ocular manifestations. The literature thoroughly discussed those that affect adults, with a lesser focus in the pediatric age group. We aim to outline the various pediatric ocular manifestations described in the literature. The manifestations may be divided into isolated events attributed to COVID-19 or occurring in the new multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a novel entity associated by COVID-19 infection. Ocular manifestations have virtually affected all ages. They manifested in neonates, infants, children, and adolescents. Episcleritis, conjunctivitis, optic neuritis, cranial nerve palsies, retinal vein occlusion, retinal vasculitis, retinal changes, orbital myositis, orbital cellulitis were reported in the literature with this emerging viral illness. Conjunctivitis was the most common ocular manifestation in MIS-C in nearly half of the patients. Other ocular manifestations in MIS-C were anterior uveitis, corneal epitheliopathy, optic neuritis, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and retinitis. The clinical outcome was favorable, and children regain their visual ability with minimal or no deficits in most of the cases. Further follow-up may be warranted to better understand the long-term effects and visual prognosis.
新型冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）现在已知与几种眼部表现有关。文献详细讨论了影响成年人的那些表现，而对儿科年龄组的关注较少。我们旨在概述文献中描述的各种儿科眼部表现。这些表现可分为归因于 COVID-19 的孤立事件或发生在与 COVID-19 感染相关的新型儿童多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C）中。眼部表现几乎影响了所有年龄段。它们在新生儿、婴儿、儿童和青少年中表现出来。文献中报道了眼表炎、结膜炎、视神经炎、颅神经麻痹、视网膜静脉阻塞、视网膜血管炎、视网膜改变、眼眶肌炎、眼眶蜂窝织炎等与这种新出现的病毒性疾病相关的表现。在 MIS-C 中，结膜炎是最常见的眼部表现，几乎半数患者都有这种表现。MIS-C 中的其他眼部表现还有前葡萄膜炎、角膜上皮病、视神经炎、特发性颅内高压和视网膜炎。临床结果良好，大多数患者的视力恢复良好，仅有轻微或无缺陷。为了更好地了解长期影响和视觉预后，可能需要进一步随访。
