Khalid Kashaf, Saeed Umar, Aljuaid Mohammad, Ali Mohammad Ishtiaq, Anjum Awais, Waheed Yasir
Multidisciplinary Laboratory, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Biological Production Division, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Jul 11;9:902611. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.902611. eCollection 2022.
Achromobacter xylosoxidans, previously identified as , is a rod-shaped, flagellated, non-fermenting Gram-negative bacterium that has the ability to cause diverse infections in humans. As a part of its intrinsic resistance to different antibiotics, spp. is also increasingly becoming resistant to Carbapenems. Lack of knowledge regarding the pathogen's clinical features has led to limited efforts to develop countermeasures against infection. The current study utilized an immunoinformatic method to map antigenic epitopes (Helper T cells, B-cell and Cytotoxic-T cells) to design a vaccine construct. We found that 20 different epitopes contribute significantly to immune response instigation that was further supported by physicochemical analysis and experimental viability. The safety profile of our vaccine was tested for antigenicity, allergenicity, and toxicity against all the identified epitopes before they were used as vaccine candidates. The disulfide engineering was carried out in an area of high mobility to increase the stability of vaccine proteins. In order to determine if the constructed vaccine is compatible with toll-like receptor, the binding affinity of vaccine was investigated molecular docking approach. With the expression in host cells and subsequent immune simulations, we were able to detect the induction of both arms of the immune response, i.e., humoral response and cytokine induced response. To demonstrate its safety and efficacy, further experimental research is necessary.
木糖氧化无色杆菌，以前被鉴定为 ，是一种杆状、有鞭毛、不发酵的革兰氏阴性细菌，能够在人类中引起多种感染。作为其对不同抗生素固有耐药性的一部分， 种对碳青霉烯类药物的耐药性也日益增强。由于对该病原体临床特征的了解不足，针对感染的应对措施开发工作受到限制。当前的研究利用免疫信息学方法绘制抗原表位（辅助性T细胞、B细胞和细胞毒性T细胞）图谱，以设计一种疫苗构建体。我们发现20种不同的表位对免疫反应激发有显著贡献，这得到了物理化学分析和实验可行性的进一步支持。在将所有鉴定出的表位用作疫苗候选物之前，对我们疫苗的安全性进行了抗原性、致敏性和毒性测试。在高迁移率区域进行二硫键工程，以提高疫苗蛋白的稳定性。为了确定构建的疫苗是否与Toll样受体兼容，采用分子对接方法研究了疫苗的结合亲和力。通过在宿主细胞中的 表达及随后的免疫模拟，我们能够检测到免疫反应的两个分支，即体液反应和细胞因子诱导反应的诱导情况。为证明其安全性和有效性，还需要进一步的实验研究。
