Triple-action of the standardized antidiabetic polyherbal extract; Synacinn through upregulation of GLUT and inhibition of DPP(IV), α-amylase, and α-glucosidase activity.

INTRODUCTION

Synacinn is a standardized polyherbal supplement for diabetes mellitus which is formulated from Andrographis paniculata, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Eugenia polyantha, and Orthosiphon stamineous.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This study aimed to elucidate the antidiabetic potential of Synacinn on three specific actions, including 1) the insulin sensitivity and glucose transport on dexamethasone-induced insulin-resistance 3T3-L1 adipocytes, 2) the inhibitory capacity on postprandial enzyme activity (α-amylase and α-glucosidase), and 3) the inhibitory activity of hepatic DPP(IV) enzyme.

RESULTS

Results showed that insulin resistance of 3T3-L1 adipocytes may be developed by prolonging the exposure of 1μg/ml of dexamethasone for >48 hours. The insulinresistance condition was minimized by the treatment of 10 μg/ml of Synacinn which significantly improved the insulin-stimulated glucose utilization by 10.6%. Meanwhile, insulin-stimulated glucose utilization in normal adipocytes was also attenuated by 9.2%. At the cellular level, Synacinn attenuated glucose utilization mainly by upregulating GLUT protein expression by 1.71 fold. Additionally, Synacinn is a potent inhibitor for the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase with IC of 0.467 mg/mL and 0.245 mg/mL, respectively. Synacinn also controlled the glycemic index through inhibition of hepatic DPP(IV) enzyme with IC of 1.11 mg/mL.

CONCLUSION

Results suggested that Synacinn reduced diabetes mellitus through sensitizing the cellular glucose utilization, reducing the postprandial carbohydrate degradation, and inhibiting the hepatic DPP(IV) enzyme function.