College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, PR China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, PR China.
Poult Sci. 2022 Sep;101(9):102037. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102037. Epub 2022 Jul 1.
The diversity of bacteria and fungi in the gut microbiota of commercial broilers that raised in cages from hatch to the end of the production cycle were examined by an analysis of 3,592 and 3,899 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), respectively. More than 90% sequences in bacterial communities were related to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. More than 90% sequences in fungal communities were related to Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Glomeromycota. A statistical analysis of the microbiota composition succession showed that age was one of the main factors affecting the intestinal microbial communities of broilers. The increasingly complex community succession of transient microbiota occurred along with an increase of age. This dynamic change was observed to be similar between bacteria and fungi. The gut microbiota had a special structure in the first 3 d after birth of broiler. The microbiota structure was quite stable in the period of rapid skeletal growth (d 14-21), and then changed significantly in the period of rapid gaining weight (d 35-42), thus indicating the composition of gut microbiota in broilers had unique structures at different developmental stages. We observed that several bacteria and fungi occupied key functions in the gut microbiota of broilers, suggesting that the gut homeostasis of broilers might be affected by losses of bacteria and fungi via altering interactions between microbiota. This study aimed to provide a data basis for manipulating the microbiota at different developmental stages, in order to improve production and the intestinal health of broilers.
本研究通过对分别来自笼养商品肉鸡孵化至生产周期结束的肠道微生物群的 3592 和 3899 个扩增子序列变异体（ASV）进行分析，研究了肠道菌群中细菌和真菌的多样性。细菌群落中超过 90%的序列与厚壁菌门和变形菌门有关。真菌群落中超过 90%的序列与子囊菌门、担子菌门和球囊菌门有关。对微生物群落组成演替的统计分析表明，年龄是影响肉鸡肠道微生物群落的主要因素之一。随着年龄的增长，瞬态微生物群落的组成越来越复杂。这种动态变化在细菌和真菌中观察到是相似的。肉鸡在出生后的前 3 天肠道微生物群具有特殊的结构。在快速骨骼生长阶段（第 14-21 天），微生物群结构相当稳定，然后在快速增重阶段（第 35-42 天）发生显著变化，这表明肉鸡肠道微生物群在不同发育阶段具有独特的结构。我们观察到一些细菌和真菌在肉鸡肠道微生物群中占据关键功能，这表明通过改变微生物群之间的相互作用，肉鸡肠道的微生态平衡可能会受到细菌和真菌的损失的影响。本研究旨在为在不同发育阶段操纵微生物群提供数据基础，以提高肉鸡的生产性能和肠道健康。
