Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia.
Centre for Sustainable Road Freight, Heriot-Watt University, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Ergonomics. 2023 May;66(5):644-657. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2022.2107709. Epub 2022 Aug 9.
The systems thinking tenets were developed based on a synthesis of contemporary accident causation theory, models and approaches and encapsulate 15 features of complex systems that interact to create both safety and adverse events. Whilst initial testing provided supportive evidence, the tenets have not yet been subject to formal validation. This article presents the findings from a three-round Delphi study undertaken to refine and validate the tenets and assess their suitability for inclusion in a unified model of accident causation. Participants with expertise in accident causation and systems thinking provided feedback on the tenets and associated definitions until an acceptable level of consensus was achieved. The results reduced the original 15 tenets to 14 and 10 were identified as important to include in unified model of accident causation. The refined systems thinking tenets are presented along with future research directions designed to facilitate their use in safety practice. This article presents a refined and validated set of systems thinking tenets which describe features of complex systems that interact to create adverse events. The tenets can be used by practitioners to proactively identify safety leading indicators and contributory factors during adverse event analysis.
系统思维原则是基于当代事故致因理论、模型和方法的综合发展而来，包含了相互作用以产生安全和不良事件的复杂系统的 15 个特征。虽然初步测试提供了支持性证据，但这些原则尚未经过正式验证。本文介绍了三轮 Delphi 研究的结果，该研究旨在完善和验证这些原则，并评估它们是否适合纳入统一的事故致因模型。具有事故致因和系统思维专业知识的参与者就这些原则和相关定义提供了反馈，直到达成可接受的共识水平。研究结果将最初的 15 个原则减少到 14 个，并确定了 10 个原则对于纳入统一的事故致因模型很重要。本文提出了经过改进和验证的系统思维原则，并提出了未来的研究方向，旨在促进它们在安全实践中的应用。本文提出了一套经过改进和验证的系统思维原则，描述了相互作用以产生不良事件的复杂系统的特征。原则可以由从业者在不良事件分析中用于主动识别安全领先指标和促成因素。
