Rautenbach Petro H, Nienaber-Rousseau Cornelie, de Lange-Loots Zelda, Kruger Iolanthé M, Pieters Marlien
Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Medical Research Council Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Jul 12;9:868542. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.868542. eCollection 2022.
The role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been recognized, but the mechanisms involved are unclear. Researchers have discovered a link between vitamin D and fibrinogen. Until now, data on the relationship between vitamin D and the γ' splice variant of fibrinogen and fibrin clot characteristics remain unexplored. In this study, 25(OH)D, total and γ' fibrinogen, as well as turbidimetrically determined plasma clot properties, were quantified, and fibrinogen and SNPs were genotyped in 660 Black, apparently healthy South African women. Alarmingly, 16 and 45% of the women presented with deficient and insufficient 25(OH)D, respectively. Total fibrinogen and maximum absorbance (as a measure of clot density) correlated inversely, whereas γ' fibrinogen correlated positively with 25(OH)D. γ' fibrinogen increased whereas maximum absorbance decreased over the deficient, insufficient, and sufficient 25(OH)D categories before and after adjustment for confounders. 25(OH)D modulated the association of the SNPs regarding fibrinogen concentration and clot structure/properties, but did not stand after correction for false discovery rate. Because only weak relationships were detected, the clinical significance of the findings are questionable and remain to be determined. However, we recommend vitamin D fortification and supplementation to reduce the high prevalence of this micronutrient deficiency and possibly to improve fibrinogen and plasma clot structure if the relationships are indeed clinically significant. There is a need for large cohort studies to demonstrate the relationship between vitamin D and cardiovascular and inflammatory risk factors as well as to uncover the molecular mechanisms responsible.
25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]在降低心血管疾病（CVD）风险方面的作用已得到认可，但其涉及的机制尚不清楚。研究人员发现了维生素D与纤维蛋白原之间的联系。迄今为止，关于维生素D与纤维蛋白原的γ'剪接变体以及纤维蛋白凝块特征之间关系的数据仍未得到探索。在本研究中，对660名表面健康的南非黑人女性进行了25(OH)D、总纤维蛋白原和γ'纤维蛋白原的定量分析，以及通过比浊法测定的血浆凝块特性，并对纤维蛋白原和单核苷酸多态性（SNP）进行了基因分型。令人担忧的是，分别有16%和45%的女性存在25(OH)D缺乏和不足的情况。总纤维蛋白原与最大吸光度（作为凝块密度的指标）呈负相关，而γ'纤维蛋白原与25(OH)D呈正相关。在调整混杂因素前后，γ'纤维蛋白原在25(OH)D缺乏、不足和充足类别中均增加，而最大吸光度降低。25(OH)D调节了SNP与纤维蛋白原浓度和凝块结构/特性之间的关联，但在校正错误发现率后该关联不再成立。由于仅检测到微弱的关系，这些发现的临床意义值得怀疑，仍有待确定。然而，如果这些关系确实具有临床意义，我们建议进行维生素D强化和补充，以降低这种微量营养素缺乏的高患病率，并可能改善纤维蛋白原和血浆凝块结构。需要进行大规模队列研究来证明维生素D与心血管和炎症风险因素之间的关系，并揭示其分子机制。
