Arora Saloni, Jangra Parveen, Lim Yee Yan, Pham Thong M
Faculty of Science and Engineering, SCU, 1 Military Road, PO Box 157, East Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia.
Department of Civil Engineering, DCRUST, Murthal, 50th K.M. Stone, N.H. 1, Murthal (Sonepat), Haryana, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jan;30(1):666-684. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22170-1. Epub 2022 Jul 29.
Lack of vibrations on fresh concrete negatively influences the compaction and thus the quality of concrete. This is particularly concerning with geopolymer concrete (GPC) containing sodium silicate (NaSiO), which is viscous in nature. In this study, self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC) containing fly ash (FA) and ultrafine slag (UFS) with copper slag aggregates (CSA) was proposed and investigated. CSA were used as a substitute to sand (by weight) in SCGC at different percentages up to 60%. In the fresh state, slump, T500 slump flow, V-funnel, L-box, U-box, and sieve aggregation ratio tests were performed to investigate flowability, passing ability, and viscosity. At the hardened state, the compressive strength, water absorption, chloride ion resistance and sorptivity tests were examined. The flowability of SCGC improved when CSA were added, and the highest slump of 735 mm was achieved for the mix with 60% CSA. Substitution of up to 20% of CSA enhanced the properties of SCGC at all ages. Mix having 20% CSA (20CSA-SCGC) was superior to other mixes, exhibiting the highest compressive strength (47 MPa) at 365 days while possessing the lowest water absorption, sorptivity, and the highest chloride ion resistance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses also confirmed the improved microstructure of Mix 20CSA-SCGC. Meanwhile, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of quartz and calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) products, which were the main contributors to properties enhancement.
新拌混凝土缺乏振动会对压实产生负面影响，进而影响混凝土质量。对于含有硅酸钠（NaSiO）的地质聚合物混凝土（GPC）来说尤其如此，因为其本质上具有粘性。在本研究中，提出并研究了含有粉煤灰（FA）、超细矿渣（UFS）和铜渣集料（CSA）的自密实地质聚合物混凝土（SCGC）。在SCGC中，CSA被用作砂的替代品（按重量计），替代比例最高可达60%。在新拌状态下，进行坍落度、T500坍落扩展度、V型漏斗、L型箱、U型箱和筛析集料比试验，以研究流动性、通过能力和粘度。在硬化状态下，进行抗压强度、吸水率、抗氯离子性和吸水性试验。添加CSA后，SCGC的流动性得到改善，含60%CSA的混合料坍落度最高达到735mm。高达20%的CSA替代率在所有龄期均提高了SCGC的性能。含20%CSA的混合料（20CSA-SCGC）优于其他混合料，在365天时表现出最高抗压强度（47MPa），同时吸水率、吸水性最低，抗氯离子性最高。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能谱（EDS）分析也证实了20CSA-SCGC混合料微观结构得到改善。同时，X射线衍射（XRD）分析证实了石英和硅酸钙水合物（CSH）产物的存在，它们是性能增强的主要贡献者。
