Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0001, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA.
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5880, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2022 Sep;219:173432. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173432. Epub 2022 Jul 26.
Accumulating evidence from several studies has shown association between substance use, dysregulation of the microbiome and psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, and psychosis. Many of the abused substances such as cocaine and alcohol have been shown to alter immune signaling pathways and cause inflammation in both the periphery and the central nervous system (CNS). In addition, these substances of abuse also alter the composition and function of the gut microbiome which is known to play important roles such as the synthesis of neurotransmitters and metabolites, that affect the CNS homeostasis and consequent behavioral outcomes. The emerging interactions between substance use, microbiome and CNS neurochemical alterations could contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders. This review provides an overview of the associative effects of substance use such as alcohol, cocaine, methamphetamine, nicotine and opioids on the gut microbiome and psychiatric disorders involving anxiety, depression and psychosis. Understanding the relationship between substance use, microbiome and psychiatric disorders will provide insights for potential therapeutic targets, aimed at mitigating these adverse outcomes.
越来越多的研究证据表明，物质使用、微生物组失调与抑郁、焦虑和精神病等精神疾病之间存在关联。许多滥用物质，如可卡因和酒精，已被证明会改变免疫信号通路，并在周围和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 中引起炎症。此外，这些滥用物质还会改变肠道微生物组的组成和功能，而肠道微生物组在合成神经递质和代谢物等方面发挥着重要作用，这些物质会影响中枢神经系统的内稳态和随后的行为结果。物质使用、微生物组和中枢神经系统神经化学改变之间的新兴相互作用可能导致精神疾病的发展。这篇综述提供了关于物质使用（如酒精、可卡因、甲基苯丙胺、尼古丁和阿片类药物）对肠道微生物组和涉及焦虑、抑郁和精神病的精神疾病的关联影响的概述。了解物质使用、微生物组和精神疾病之间的关系将为潜在的治疗靶点提供见解，旨在减轻这些不良后果。
