Department of Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508 270, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 29;12(1):13031. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16469-9.
The association between advanced paternal age and impaired reproductive outcomes is still controversial. Several studies relate decrease in semen quality, impaired embryo/fetal development and offspring health to increased paternal age. However, some retrospective studies observed no alterations on both seminal status and reproductive outcomes in older men. Such inconsistency may be due to the influence of intrinsic and external factors, such as genetics, race, diet, social class, lifestyle and obvious ethical issues that may bias the assessment of reproductive status in humans. The use of the murine model enables prospective study and owes the establishment of homogeneous and controlled groups. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paternal age on in vitro embryo development at 4.5 day post conception and on in vivo fetal development at 16 days of gestation. Murine females (2-4 months of age) were mated with young (4-6 months of age) or senile (18-24 months of age) males. We observed decreased in vitro cleavage, blastocyst, and embryo development rates; lighter and shorter fetuses in the senile compared to the young group. This study indicated that advanced paternal age negatively impacts subsequent embryo and fetal development.
高龄父亲与生殖结局受损之间的关联仍存在争议。一些研究表明，随着父亲年龄的增加，精液质量下降、胚胎/胎儿发育受损以及后代健康状况恶化。然而，一些回顾性研究并未观察到老年男性的精液状况和生殖结局有任何改变。这种不一致可能是由于内在和外在因素的影响，如遗传、种族、饮食、社会阶层、生活方式以及可能影响人类生殖状况评估的明显伦理问题。使用鼠模型可以进行前瞻性研究，并建立了同质和可控的实验组。本研究旨在评估父代年龄对体外胚胎发育（受精后 4.5 天）和体内胎儿发育（妊娠 16 天）的影响。2-4 月龄的雌性小鼠与年轻（4-6 月龄）或老年（18-24 月龄）雄性小鼠交配。我们观察到，老年组的体外卵裂、囊胚和胚胎发育率降低，胎儿体重和长度减轻变短。本研究表明，高龄父亲会对后续胚胎和胎儿发育产生负面影响。
