Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2022 Mar-Apr;45(3):171-178. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2022.06.005. Epub 2022 Jul 28.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether chiropractic clinicians modulate spinal manipulation (SM) thrust characteristics based on visual perception of simulated human silhouette attributes.
We performed a cross-sectional within-participant design with 8 experienced chiropractors. During each trial, participants observed a human-shaped life-sized silhouette of a mock patient and delivered an SM thrust on a low-fidelity thoracic spine model based on their visual perception. Silhouettes varied on the following 3 factors: apparent sex (male or female silhouette), height (short, average, tall), and body mass index (BMI) (underweight, healthy, obese). Each combination was presented 6 times for a total of 108 trials in random order. Outcome measures included peak thrust force, thrust duration, peak preload force, peak acceleration, time to peak acceleration, and rate of force application. A 3-way repeated measures analysis of variance model was used to for each variable, followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference on significant interactions.
Peak thrust force was reduced when apparent sex of the presented silhouette was female (F = 5.70, P = .048). Thrust duration was largely invariant, except that a BMI by height interaction revealed a longer duration occurred for healthy tall participants than healthy short participants (F = 4.34, P = .007). Compared to an image depicting obese BMI, an image appearing underweight lead to reduced peak acceleration (F = 6.756, P = .009). Clinician time to peak acceleration was reduced in short compared to tall silhouettes (t = 2.20, P = .032).
Visual perception of simulated human silhouette attributes, including apparent sex, height, and BMI, influenced SM dose characteristics through both kinetic and kinematic measures. The results suggest that visual information from mock patients affects the decision-making of chiropractic clinicians delivering SM thrusts.
本研究旨在确定脊椎按摩临床医生是否会根据模拟人体轮廓属性的视觉感知来调节脊椎按摩（SM）推力特性。
我们进行了一项具有 8 名经验丰富的脊椎按摩师的横断面、个体内设计研究。在每次试验中，参与者根据自己的视觉感知观察模拟患者的人形等身大小的轮廓，并在低保真度的胸椎模型上进行 SM 推力。轮廓在以下 3 个因素上有所不同：明显的性别（男性或女性轮廓）、身高（矮、平均、高）和体重指数（BMI）（体重不足、健康、肥胖）。每个组合以随机顺序呈现 6 次，共 108 次试验。结果测量包括峰值推力、推力持续时间、峰值预载力、峰值加速度、达到峰值加速度的时间和力施加率。对每个变量使用 3 因素重复测量方差模型，然后对显著交互作用进行 Tukey 诚实显着差异检验。
当呈现的轮廓的明显性别为女性时，峰值推力降低（F=5.70，P=0.048）。推力持续时间基本不变，只是 BMI 与身高的相互作用表明健康高大参与者的持续时间比健康矮小参与者长（F=4.34，P=0.007）。与描绘肥胖 BMI 的图像相比，呈现体重不足的图像导致峰值加速度降低（F=6.756，P=0.009）。与高大的轮廓相比，临床医生达到峰值加速度的时间在矮小的轮廓中缩短（t=2.20，P=0.032）。
模拟人体轮廓属性的视觉感知，包括明显的性别、身高和 BMI，通过动力学和运动学测量影响 SM 剂量特征。结果表明，来自模拟患者的视觉信息会影响进行 SM 推力的脊椎按摩临床医生的决策。
