Heidary Mohsen, Kaviar Vahab Hassan, Shirani Maryam, Ghanavati Roya, Motahar Moloudsadat, Sholeh Mohammad, Ghahramanpour Hossein, Khoshnood Saeed
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jul 14;13:927306. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.927306. eCollection 2022.
Two years after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), in December 2019, the first infections were identified in Wuhan city of China. SARS-CoV-2 infection caused a global pandemic and accordingly, 5.41 million deaths worldwide. Hence, developing a safe and efficient vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) seems to be an urgent need. Attempts to produce efficient vaccines inexhaustibly are ongoing. At present time, according to the COVID-19 vaccine tracker and landscape provided by World Health Organization (WHO), there are 161 vaccine candidates in different clinical phases all over the world. In between, protein subunit vaccines are types of vaccines that contain a viral protein like spike protein or its segment as the antigen assumed to elicit humoral and cellular immunity and good protective effects. Previously, this technology of vaccine manufacturing was used in a recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV4). In the present work, we review protein subunit vaccines passing their phase 3 and 4 clinical trials, population participated in these trials, vaccines manufactures, vaccines efficiency and their side effects, and other features of these vaccines.
2019年12月，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）出现两年后，中国武汉市首次发现感染病例。SARS-CoV-2感染引发了全球大流行，全球因此有541万人死亡。因此，开发一种安全有效的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗似乎迫在眉睫。人们一直在不懈地努力生产高效疫苗。目前，根据世界卫生组织（WHO）提供的COVID-19疫苗追踪和概况，全球有161种处于不同临床阶段的候选疫苗。其中，蛋白质亚单位疫苗是一类包含病毒蛋白（如刺突蛋白或其片段）作为抗原的疫苗，被认为能引发体液免疫和细胞免疫并具有良好的保护作用。此前，这种疫苗制造技术曾用于重组流感疫苗（RIV4）。在本研究中，我们回顾了已通过3期和4期临床试验的蛋白质亚单位疫苗、参与这些试验的人群、疫苗制造商、疫苗效力及其副作用，以及这些疫苗的其他特征。
