Pinto Henrique Dantas, Casalechi Heliodora Leão, de Marchi Thiago, Dos Santos Monteiro Machado Caroline, Dias Luana Barbosa, Lino Matheus Marinho Aguiar, de Azevedo Jonatas Bezerra, Tomazoni Shaiane Silva, Leal-Junior Ernesto Cesar Pinto
Laboratory of Phototherapy and Innovative Technologies in Health (LaPIT), Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, Brazil.
University Center of Bento Gonçalves (UNICNEC), Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Jul 19;2022:9968428. doi: 10.1155/2022/9968428. eCollection 2022.
The ergogenic effects of photobiomodulation therapy combined with a static magnetic field (PBMT-sMF) on exercises with characteristics similar to those of CrossFit® are unknown. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of PBMT-sMF applied at different times on recovery and physical performance in CrossFit® athletes by analyzing functional aspects, muscle damage, inflammatory processes, and oxidative stress. This was a prospectively registered, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. CrossFit® athletes were recruited and assigned to receive one of the four possible interventions. Each intervention included protocols before and after the exercise (referred to as the workout of the day (WOD)). The four possibilities of intervention were as follows: placebo before and after WOD (placebo), PBMT-sMF before and placebo after WOD (PBMT-sMF before), placebo before and PBMT-sMF after WOD (PBMT-sMF after), and PBMT-sMF before and after WOD (PBMT-sMF before and after). The order of possibilities for the interventions was randomized. The primary outcome was the functional test performance. The secondary outcomes were the subjective perception of exertion, muscle damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The outcomes were measured before the WOD; immediately after the intervention; and 1, 24, and 48 hours after the WOD. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test to examine the differences between the interventions at each time point. Twelve participants were randomized and analyzed for each sequence. PBMT-sMF enhanced the performance on functional tests (calculated as a percentage of change) when applied before or after WOD in the assessment performed immediately post-WOD and at 24 and 48 hours later ( < 0.05) compared to placebo and PBMT-sMF before and after WOD. In terms of the secondary outcomes, PBMT-sMF applied before or after WOD significantly decreased the creatine kinase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities and interleukin-6, thiobarbituric acid, and carbonylated protein levels (all < 0.05) compared to the other possibilities of intervention. In addition, PBMT-sMF applied before and after WOD decreased creatine kinase activity at 24 hours and IL-6 levels at 24 and 48 hours compared to placebo ( < 0.05). None of the participants reported any adverse events. PBMT-sMF enhanced the performance of functional tests, decreased the levels of biochemical markers of muscle damage and inflammation, decreased oxidative stress, and increased antioxidant activity in CrossFit® athletes when applied before or after WOD.
光生物调节疗法联合静磁场（PBMT-sMF）对具有类似CrossFit®特点运动的促力效果尚不清楚。本研究旨在通过分析功能方面、肌肉损伤、炎症过程和氧化应激，探讨不同时间应用PBMT-sMF对CrossFit®运动员恢复和身体表现的影响。这是一项前瞻性注册、三盲、安慰剂对照的交叉试验。招募CrossFit®运动员并分配接受四种可能干预措施之一。每种干预措施都包括运动前和运动后的方案（称为当日训练（WOD））。四种干预可能性如下：WOD前后均为安慰剂（安慰剂组）、WOD前为PBMT-sMF且WOD后为安慰剂（WOD前PBMT-sMF组）、WOD前为安慰剂且WOD后为PBMT-sMF（WOD后PBMT-sMF组）、WOD前后均为PBMT-sMF（WOD前后PBMT-sMF组）。干预可能性的顺序是随机的。主要结局是功能测试表现。次要结局是主观用力感知、肌肉损伤、炎症和氧化应激。在WOD前、干预后立即以及WOD后1、24和48小时测量结局。采用重复测量方差分析，随后进行Bonferroni事后检验，以检查各时间点干预措施之间的差异。每个序列随机抽取12名参与者进行分析。与安慰剂组以及WOD前后PBMT-sMF组相比，在WOD后立即以及24和48小时后的评估中，WOD前或WOD后应用PBMT-sMF可提高功能测试的表现（以变化百分比计算）（P<0.05）。在次要结局方面，与其他干预可能性相比，WOD前或WOD后应用PBMT-sMF可显著降低肌酸激酶、过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性以及白细胞介素-6、硫代巴比妥酸和羰基化蛋白水平（均P<0.05）。此外，与安慰剂组相比，WOD前后应用PBMT-sMF可使24小时时的肌酸激酶活性以及24和48小时时的白细胞介素-6水平降低（P<0.05）。没有参与者报告任何不良事件。在CrossFit®运动员中，WOD前或WOD后应用PBMT-sMF可提高功能测试的表现，降低肌肉损伤和炎症的生化标志物水平，减轻氧化应激，并提高抗氧化活性。
