Takahashi Fuyuko, Hashimoto Yoshitaka, Kaji Ayumi, Sakai Ryosuke, Kawate Yuka, Okamura Takuro, Kitagawa Noriyuki, Okada Hiroshi, Nakanishi Naoko, Majima Saori, Osaka Takafumi, Senmaru Takafumi, Ushigome Emi, Hamaguchi Masahide, Fukui Michiaki
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Moriguchi, Japan.
Front Nutr. 2022 Jul 13;9:943790. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.943790. eCollection 2022.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which has a close relationship with type 2 diabetes (T2D), is related to salt intake in the general population. In contrast, the relationship between salt intake and the presence of NAFLD in patients with T2D has not been clarified.
Salt intake (g/day) was assessed using urinary sodium excretion, and a high salt intake was defined as an intake greater than the median amount of 9.5 g/day. Hepatic steatosis index (HSI) ≥ 36 points was used to diagnosed NAFLD. Odds ratios of high salt intake to the presence of NAFLD were evaluated by logistic regression analysis.
The frequency of NAFLD was 36.5% in 310 patients with T2D (66.7 ± 10.7 years old and 148 men). The patients with high salt intake had a higher body mass index (25.0 ± 4.0 vs. 23.4 ± 3.8 kg/m, < 0.001) than those with low salt intake. HSI in patients with high salt intake was higher than that in patients with low salt intake (36.2 ± 6.2 vs. 34.3 ± 5.5 points, = 0.005). In addition, the presence of NALFD in patients with high salt intake was higher than that in patients with low salt intake (44.5% vs. 28.4%, = 0.005). High salt intake was associated with the prevalence of NAFLD [adjusted odds ratio, 1.76 (95% confidence interval: 1.02-3.03), = 0.043].
This cross-sectional study revealed that salt intake is related to the prevalence of NAFLD in patients with T2D.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）与2型糖尿病（T2D）密切相关，且与普通人群的盐摄入量有关。相比之下，T2D患者的盐摄入量与NAFLD的关系尚未明确。
通过尿钠排泄评估盐摄入量（克/天），高盐摄入量定义为摄入量大于中位数9.5克/天。采用肝脂肪变性指数（HSI）≥36分来诊断NAFLD。通过逻辑回归分析评估高盐摄入量与NAFLD存在的比值比。
310例T2D患者（年龄66.7±10.7岁，男性148例）中，NAFLD的发生率为36.5%。高盐摄入量患者的体重指数高于低盐摄入量患者（25.0±4.0 vs. 23.4±3.8 kg/m，P<0.001）。高盐摄入量患者的HSI高于低盐摄入量患者（36.2±6.2 vs. 34.3±5.5分，P = 0.005）。此外，高盐摄入量患者中NALFD的发生率高于低盐摄入量患者（44.5% vs. 28.4%，P = 0.005）。高盐摄入量与NAFLD的患病率相关[调整后的比值比，1.76（95%置信区间：1.02 - 3.03），P = 0.043]。
这项横断面研究表明，盐摄入量与T2D患者中NAFLD的患病率有关。
