Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Mol Neurobiol. 2022 Oct;59(10):6260-6280. doi: 10.1007/s12035-022-02966-5. Epub 2022 Aug 2.
Various neurotrophins (NTs), including nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4, promote cellular differentiation, survival, and maintenance, as well as synaptic plasticity, in the peripheral and central nervous system. The function of microRNAs (miRNAs) and other small non-coding RNAs, as regulators of gene expression, is pivotal for the appropriate control of cell growth and differentiation. There are positive and negative loops between NTs and miRNAs, which exert modulatory effects on different signaling pathways. The interplay between NTs and miRNAs plays a crucial role in the regulation of several physiological and pathological brain procedures. Emerging evidence suggests the diagnostic and therapeutic roles of the interactions between NTs and miRNAs in several neuropsychological disorders, including epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, and drug abuse. Here, we review current data regarding the regulatory interactions between NTs and miRNAs in neuropsychological disorders, for which novel diagnostic and/or therapeutic strategies are emerging. Targeting NTs-miRNAs interactions for diagnostic or therapeutic approaches needs to be validated by future clinical studies.
多种神经营养因子（NTs），包括神经生长因子、脑源性神经营养因子、神经营养因子-3 和神经营养因子-4，可促进外周和中枢神经系统中的细胞分化、存活和维持，以及突触可塑性。微小 RNA（miRNAs）和其他小非编码 RNA 作为基因表达的调节剂，其功能对于细胞生长和分化的适当控制至关重要。NTs 和 miRNAs 之间存在正反馈和负反馈回路，对不同的信号通路发挥调节作用。NTs 和 miRNAs 之间的相互作用在调节几种生理和病理脑过程中起着关键作用。新出现的证据表明，NTs 和 miRNAs 之间相互作用在几种神经心理障碍中具有诊断和治疗作用，包括癫痫、多发性硬化症、阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、精神分裂症、焦虑症、抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍、双相情感障碍和药物滥用。在这里，我们回顾了神经心理障碍中 NTs 和 miRNAs 之间调节相互作用的最新数据，这些数据为新的诊断和/或治疗策略的出现提供了依据。针对 NTs-miRNAs 相互作用的诊断或治疗方法需要通过未来的临床研究来验证。
