Scragg R, Stewart A, Jackson R, Beaglehole R
Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Jul;126(1):77-85. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114664.
The relation of alcohol consumption and regular leisure time physical activity with nonfatal myocardial infarction and sudden coronary death in men and women of Auckland, New Zealand, was examined in a large population-based case-control analysis. Within each sex, alcohol drinkers had decreased relative risks of both myocardial infarction and sudden coronary death compared with nondrinkers. Similarly, physical activity was associated with decreased relative risks of myocardial infarction and sudden coronary death in both women and men, but only in those subjects who had been exercising for five or more years. After controlling for hypertension, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption, 43% (95 confidence interval (CI) = 26-60) of coronary events could be explained by lack of exposure to physical activity. This compares with the per cent of coronary events in the study population attributable to hypertension (22%; 95% CI = 17-27) or cigarette smoking (31%; 95% CI = 25-38). Although the estimation of the attributable risk for a continuous variable is affected by the cut-point used to define exposure, from a public health viewpoint, regular leisure time physical activity may be as important as the above-mentioned major coronary heart disease risk factors.
在一项基于大规模人群的病例对照分析中，研究了新西兰奥克兰地区男性和女性饮酒及规律的休闲时间体力活动与非致死性心肌梗死和冠状动脉性猝死之间的关系。在每种性别中，与不饮酒者相比，饮酒者发生心肌梗死和冠状动脉性猝死的相对风险均降低。同样，体力活动与女性和男性发生心肌梗死和冠状动脉性猝死的相对风险降低相关，但仅在那些已经锻炼五年或更长时间的受试者中如此。在控制了高血压、吸烟和饮酒因素后，43%（95%置信区间(CI)=26 - 60）的冠状动脉事件可归因于缺乏体力活动。相比之下，研究人群中冠状动脉事件归因于高血压的比例为22%（95%CI = 17 - 27），归因于吸烟的比例为31%（95%CI = 25 - 38）。尽管连续变量归因风险的估计受用于定义暴露的切点影响，但从公共卫生角度来看，规律的休闲时间体力活动可能与上述主要冠心病危险因素同样重要。
