Barat M, Konrad H R
Am J Otolaryngol. 1987 Mar-Apr;8(2):118-22. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0709(87)80034-0.
Tracheal bronchus is an aberrant bronchus that arises most often from the right tracheal wall above the carina and is the result of an additional tracheal outgrowth early in embryonic life. Its incidence ranges between 0.1 and 5%. This anomaly usually is diagnosed incidentally during bronchoscopy or bronchography performed for various respiratory problems. Occasionally, it represents the underlying etiology for chronic pulmonary disease such as emphysema, atelectasis, and persistent or recurrent pneumonia, especially if it involves the right upper lobe and reflects an abnormal pulmonary clearing mechanism. Tracheal bronchus may be associated with other bronchopulmonary anomalies, tracheal stenosis, or Down's syndrome. In the absence of clinical symptoms, a diagnosis of tracheal bronchus does not require any treatment. In patients with recurrent right upper lobe disease and a tracheal bronchus, therapy should include resection of the aberrant bronchus as well as the lobe it supplies.
气管支气管是一种异常支气管，最常起源于气管隆突上方的右侧气管壁，是胚胎早期气管额外长出的结果。其发生率在0.1%至5%之间。这种异常通常在因各种呼吸问题进行支气管镜检查或支气管造影时偶然被诊断出来。偶尔，它是慢性肺部疾病如肺气肿、肺不张和持续性或复发性肺炎的潜在病因，特别是当它累及右上叶并反映出异常的肺清除机制时。气管支气管可能与其他支气管肺异常、气管狭窄或唐氏综合征有关。在没有临床症状的情况下，气管支气管的诊断不需要任何治疗。对于患有复发性右上叶疾病且有气管支气管的患者，治疗应包括切除异常支气管及其所供应的肺叶。
