Center for Research on Cultural and Structural Equity in Behavioral Health, Division of Social Solutions & Services Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Bldg. 35, 10962-1159, Orangeburg, NY, USA.
Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
J Community Health. 2022 Dec;47(6):914-923. doi: 10.1007/s10900-022-01127-y. Epub 2022 Aug 3.
Suicide is a critical public health problem. Over the past decade, suicide rates have increased among Black and Latinx adults in the U.S. Though depression is the most prevalent psychiatric contributor to suicide risk, Black and Latinx Americans uniquely experience distress and stress (e.g., structural adversity) that can independently operate to worsen suicide risk. This makes it important to investigate non-clinical, subjective assessment of mental health as a predictor of suicide ideation. We also investigate whether social support can buffer the deleterious impact of poor mental health on suicide ideation.We analyzed data from 1,503 Black and Latinx participants of the Washington Heights Community Survey, a 2015 survey of residents of a NYC neighborhood. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to examine the effect of subjectively experienced problems with anxiety and depression on suicide ideation independent of depression diagnosis, and the role of social support as a moderator.Estimated prevalence of past two-week suicide ideation was 5.8%. Regression estimates showed significantly increased odds of suicide ideation among participants reporting moderate (OR = 8.54,95% CI = 2.44-29.93) and severe (OR = 16.84,95% CI = 2.88-98.46) versus no problems with anxiety and depression, after adjustment for depression diagnosis. Informational support, i.e., having someone to provide good advice in a crisis, reduced the negative impact of moderate levels of anxiety and depression problems on suicide ideation.Findings suggest that among Black and Latinx Americans, subjective feelings of anxiety and depression account for a significant portion of the suicide ideation risk related to poor mental health. Further, social support, particularly informational support, may provide protection against suicide ideation.
自杀是一个严重的公共卫生问题。在过去的十年中，美国黑人和拉丁裔成年人的自杀率有所上升。尽管抑郁症是导致自杀风险的最常见精神疾病，但黑人和拉丁裔美国人独特地经历着痛苦和压力（例如结构性劣势），这些因素可以独立地恶化自杀风险。这使得调查非临床、主观的心理健康评估作为自杀意念的预测因素变得很重要。我们还研究了社会支持是否可以缓冲心理健康状况不佳对自杀意念的不利影响。
我们分析了来自 1503 名黑人和拉丁裔华盛顿高地社区调查参与者的数据，这是 2015 年对纽约市一个社区居民的一项调查。多变量逻辑回归用于检查主观上经历的焦虑和抑郁问题对自杀意念的影响，而不考虑抑郁诊断，以及社会支持作为调节因素的作用。
过去两周自杀意念的估计患病率为 5.8%。回归估计显示，报告中度（OR=8.54，95%CI=2.44-29.93）和重度（OR=16.84，95%CI=2.88-98.46）焦虑和抑郁问题的参与者自杀意念的几率显著增加，调整抑郁诊断后。信息支持，即有人在危机中提供好的建议，减轻了中度焦虑和抑郁问题对自杀意念的负面影响。
研究结果表明，在黑人和拉丁裔美国人中，主观的焦虑和抑郁感占与心理健康状况不佳相关的自杀意念风险的很大一部分。此外，社会支持，特别是信息支持，可能提供对自杀意念的保护。
