Greenwald Roby, Bergin Michael H, Yip Fuyuen, Boehmer Tegan, Kewada Priya, Shafer Martin M, Schauer James J, Sarnat Jeremy A
Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Aerosol Sci Technol. 2014 May 19;48(6):664-675. doi: 10.1080/02786826.2014.912745.
The Atlanta Commuters Exposure (ACE) Study was designed to measure in-cabin exposure to roadway particulate pollution and acute health response in a panel of adults with and without asthma following a 2-h scripted route along major highways in Atlanta. This article focuses on methods and results of both continuous and integrated approaches used to measure the concentration of PM mass, particle number concentration (PNC), black carbon (BC) mass, and particle-bound PAHs, in-cabin noise, PM elemental composition, elemental carbon, organic carbon, water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) content, and speciation of a broad range of organic compounds including alkanes, hopanes, and PAHs. Speciated PM data indicates that in-cabin particles derive from three non-co-varying processes: the resuspension of road dust containing crustal elements and previously-deposited brake pad residue with a contribution of normal fuel combustion, incomplete combustion processes producing PAHs and carbon particles, and particles ablated from brake pads that have not previously deposited to the roadside environment. Most in-cabin pollutants were elevated during the warm season with the notable exception of PNC. PNC was not found to be correlated with most other pollutants. In-cabin concentrations were marginally higher when windows were open.
亚特兰大通勤者暴露（ACE）研究旨在测量一组有或没有哮喘的成年人在沿着亚特兰大主要高速公路按照预先设定的2小时路线行驶时，车内对道路颗粒物污染的暴露情况以及急性健康反应。本文重点关注用于测量PM质量浓度、颗粒数浓度（PNC）、黑碳（BC）质量、颗粒结合多环芳烃、车内噪音、PM元素组成、元素碳、有机碳、水溶性有机碳（WSOC）含量以及包括烷烃、藿烷和多环芳烃在内的多种有机化合物形态的连续和综合方法的方法及结果。特定PM数据表明，车内颗粒物来自三个不相关的过程：含有地壳元素和先前沉积的刹车片残留物的道路灰尘再悬浮，伴有正常燃料燃烧的贡献；产生多环芳烃和碳颗粒的不完全燃烧过程；以及从未沉积到路边环境的刹车片磨损产生的颗粒。除PNC外，大多数车内污染物在温暖季节有所升高。未发现PNC与大多数其他污染物相关。车窗打开时，车内浓度略高。
