Haritoglou Christos, Kampik Anselm, Wolf Armin
Augenklinik Herzog Carl Theodor, Nymphenburger Str. 43, 80335, München, Deutschland.
Private Augenarztpraxis München, Prof. Kampik & Kollegen, Augenzentrum Brienner Hof, Brienner Str. 12, 80333, München, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologie. 2022 Aug;119(8):789-797. doi: 10.1007/s00347-022-01678-4. Epub 2022 Jun 28.
The incidence of retinal folds following surgical repair of retinal detachment is underestimated. The extent of retinal folds is variable and can include the complete retina with all layers and an apposition of the photoreceptor outer segments or only partially affect the outer or inner retinal layers. While complete folds can be relatively easily detected by clinical examination, discrete partial folds are sometimes difficult to assess biomicroscopically. In these cases, high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) plays an important role as a tool for differential diagnosis. If macular translocation occurs during the formation of folds, mostly in associated with inferior retinal folds, patients often complain of binocular double vision. A significant reduction of visual acuity and metamorphopsia occur in cases where the folding involves the fovea. In general, retinal folds tend to resolve spontaneously over a prolonged period of follow-up of several months; however, in cases of foveal involvement and corresponding symptoms, a surgical revision can be indicated, although the surgical procedure is not standardized.
视网膜脱离手术修复后视网膜褶皱的发生率被低估了。视网膜褶皱的程度各不相同，可累及包括所有层次的整个视网膜以及光感受器外段的贴合，或仅部分影响视网膜外层或内层。虽然完全褶皱通过临床检查相对容易检测到，但离散的部分褶皱有时很难通过生物显微镜进行评估。在这些情况下，高分辨率光学相干断层扫描（OCT）作为鉴别诊断工具发挥着重要作用。如果在褶皱形成过程中发生黄斑移位，大多与下方视网膜褶皱相关，患者常主诉双眼复视。当褶皱累及中央凹时，视力会显著下降并出现视物变形。一般来说，在长达数月的长期随访中，视网膜褶皱往往会自发消退；然而，在中央凹受累及出现相应症状的情况下，尽管手术操作尚未标准化，但仍可考虑进行手术修正。
