Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Poult Sci. 2022 Sep;101(9):102044. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102044. Epub 2022 Jul 3.
The influence of infrared beak trimming at hatch (IRBT) and the inclusion of oat hulls (OH) in the diet on growth performance, feed preference, exploratory pecking behavior, and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development, was studied in brown-egg pullets from 0 to 15 wk of age. The experimental design was completely randomized with 4 treatments arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial with IRBT (sham vs. treated) and OH inclusion (0 vs. 3%) as main effects. Each treatment was replicated 20 times and the experimental unit was a cage with 10 pullets. Feed intake (FI), BW gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), energy intake (EI, kcal AMEn/d), and energy conversion ratio (ECR, kcal AMEn/g of BW gain) were determined by feeding period (0 to 6, 7 to 10, and 11 to 15 wk of age) and cumulatively. Particle size preference was measured at 7 wk and exploratory pecking behavior of the pullets and at 8 to 14 wk of age. From 0 to 6 wk of age, beak trimming decreased FI (P < 0.01) and increased pullet mortality (P < 0.001) but did not affect BW gain. From 0 to 15 wk of age, OH inclusion improved BW uniformity (P = 0.090) but impaired FCR (P < 0.05) without showing any effect on BW gain or ECR. Preference for coarse particles was greater for the sham than for the treated pullets. Beak trimming and OH feeding reduced (P < 0.05) the exploratory pecking behavior of the pullets from 8 to 12 wk of age but not thereafter. Oat hulls increased the relative weights of the full gizzard and intestines at all ages (P < 0.05). In summary, beak trimming did not affect pullet performance at 15 wk of age or GIT development at any age. Oat hulls improved GIT development at all ages but did not affect BW or ECR. Both beak treatment and OH inclusion affected particle size preference and reduced the exploratory pecking behavior of the birds.
红外断喙（IRBT）和日粮中添加燕麦壳（OH）对褐壳蛋鸡 015 周龄生长性能、饲料偏好、探食啄癖行为和胃肠道（GIT）发育的影响。实验设计采用完全随机化，4 种处理方式按 2×2 析因设计排列，以 IRBT（假断喙 vs. 处理）和 OH 添加（0% vs. 3%）为主要效应。每个处理重复 20 次，每个实验单位为一个含有 10 只母鸡的笼子。通过饲养期（06、710 和 1115 周龄）和累积法确定采食量（FI）、体重增加（BW 增益）、饲料转化率（FCR）、能量摄入（EI，AMEn/d 千卡）和能量转化率（ECR，BW 增益的 AMEn/g 千卡）。在 7 周龄时测量颗粒大小偏好，在 814 周龄时测量母鸡的探食啄癖行为。06 周龄时，断喙降低了 FI（P＜0.01）并增加了死亡率（P＜0.001），但对 BW 增益没有影响。015 周龄时，添加 OH 提高了 BW 均匀度（P=0.090），但降低了 FCR（P＜0.05），对 BW 增益或 ECR 没有影响。与处理组相比，假断喙组母鸡对粗颗粒的偏好更大。012 周龄时，断喙和喂料降低了母鸡的探食啄癖行为（P＜0.05），但此后没有影响。燕麦壳增加了所有年龄段全胃和肠道的相对重量（P＜0.05）。总之，断喙对 15 周龄时的母鸡生产性能或任何年龄段的 GIT 发育没有影响。燕麦壳提高了所有年龄段的 GIT 发育，但对 BW 或 ECR 没有影响。断喙和添加 OH 都影响颗粒大小偏好，降低了鸡的探食啄癖行为。
