Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA.
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH, USA.
J Atten Disord. 2023 Jan;27(1):38-45. doi: 10.1177/10870547221114602. Epub 2022 Aug 4.
Cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS, previously referred to as "sluggish cognitive tempo") is a set of symptoms defined by excessive mind-wandering, mental confusion, and slowed behaviors separable from ADHD inattention.
Of the studies examining CDS in relation to psychosocial outcomes, one of the most established correlates of CDS is social withdrawal. However, studies have yet to test mechanisms or moderators of the link between CDS and social withdrawal.
As a parallel body of literature exists in developmental psychopathology on predictors and outcomes of social withdrawal, this review merges these literatures to identify themes and advance a conceptual model on mechanisms (e.g., task-unrelated thought, poorer social skills, social anxiety) and moderators (e.g., behavioral inhibition, sex, parenting) of the CDS and social withdrawal link.
This model provides researchers and clinicians with testable hypotheses to better understand the link between CDS and social withdrawal and to identify treatment targets to improve the social engagement of youth with CDS.
认知脱离综合征（CDS，以前称为“迟钝认知节奏”）是一组由过度思维漫游、精神混乱和行为迟缓组成的症状，与 ADHD 注意力不集中症可区分。
在研究 CDS 与心理社会结果的关系的研究中，CDS 最确定的相关因素之一是社会退缩。然而，研究尚未测试 CDS 与社会退缩之间联系的机制或调节因素。
由于发展心理病理学中存在关于社会退缩的预测因素和结果的平行文献，本综述将这些文献合并，以确定机制（例如，与任务无关的思维、较差的社交技能、社交焦虑）和调节因素（例如，行为抑制、性别、教养）的主题，并提出 CDS 与社会退缩联系的概念模型。
该模型为研究人员和临床医生提供了可检验的假设，以更好地理解 CDS 与社会退缩之间的联系，并确定治疗目标，以提高患有 CDS 的青少年的社会参与度。
