Stillman P L, Swanson D B
Arch Intern Med. 1987 Jun;147(6):1049-52.
There are substantial problems with the clinical training provided to medical students and with the assessment procedure used by medical schools to ensure that students have acquired the clinical skills necessary for graduate medical education. These skills are not evaluated carefully nor systematically at any point in training or licensure. This article describes the use of standardized patients to help resolve some of these shortcomings. Standardized patients are non-physicians highly trained to function in the multiple roles of patient, teacher, and evaluator while realistically replicating a patient encounter. They are effective teachers of interviewing and physical examination skills. They can help to provide a controlled exposure to common ambulatory and difficult patient communication situations. Initial studies indicate the promise of this approach for ensuring the competence of medical school graduates.
医学院校为医学生提供的临床培训以及医学院校用于确保学生掌握毕业后医学教育所需临床技能的评估程序存在重大问题。在培训或执照颁发的任何阶段，这些技能都未得到认真且系统的评估。本文介绍了使用标准化病人来帮助解决其中一些不足之处。标准化病人是非医生人员，他们经过高度培训，能够在真实模拟患者就诊的过程中，同时扮演患者、教师和评估者的多重角色。他们是面试和体格检查技能的有效教师。他们有助于提供对常见门诊和困难患者沟通情况的可控接触。初步研究表明这种方法有望确保医学院校毕业生的能力。
