Valença Aline Gazzola Fragnani, Smith Bradley Joseph
Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2022;1400:53-63. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-97182-3_4.
Schizophrenia is a multifactorial mental disorder, characterized by positive symptoms (delusions, hallucinations), negative symptoms (anhedonia, social withdraw), and cognitive symptoms (impairment of memory, learning, and executive functions). Despite the classic symptoms being related to the central nervous system, schizophrenia has been described by recent studies as a systemic disease, affecting other organs, tissues, and systems out of the brain. In this chapter, we summarize the main tissues and systems found affected in schizophrenic patients, both before and after antipsychotic administration. We offer an overview of the recent findings in the field about musculoskeletal system, metabolism, and immune system dysfunctions found in patients as well in models in vitro. We also discuss some of the side effects of certain antipsychotics often related to increased risk of comorbidities in patients with schizophrenia during the treatment.
精神分裂症是一种多因素所致的精神障碍，其特征为阳性症状（妄想、幻觉）、阴性症状（快感缺失、社交退缩）和认知症状（记忆、学习及执行功能受损）。尽管经典症状与中枢神经系统有关，但近期研究已将精神分裂症描述为一种全身性疾病，会影响大脑以外的其他器官、组织和系统。在本章中，我们总结了精神分裂症患者在使用抗精神病药物前后发现受影响的主要组织和系统。我们概述了该领域近期有关患者及体外模型中肌肉骨骼系统、代谢和免疫系统功能障碍的研究发现。我们还讨论了某些抗精神病药物的一些副作用，这些副作用往往与精神分裂症患者在治疗期间出现合并症风险增加有关。
