School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Oct 1;310:119887. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119887. Epub 2022 Aug 3.
Intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOCs) have great potential to form secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in the atmosphere. Thus, a high-resolution IVOC emission inventory is essential for the accurate simulation of SOA formation. This study developed the first nationwide on-road vehicular IVOC emission inventory in China based on localized measurement of the IVOC emission factors and volatility distributions for various vehicle types. The total vehicular IVOC emissions in China in 2019 were estimated to be 241.2 Gg. Heavy-duty trucks, light-duty trucks, and light-duty passenger vehicles contributed the most, accounting for 47.6%, 24.6%, and 16.9% of total vehicular IVOC emissions, respectively. Although much higher in number, gasoline vehicles contributed 15.0%, which was far less than the contribution of diesel vehicles. The two peaks in volatility bins B-B and B-B accounted for 42.2% and 23.7% of the total IVOC emissions, respectively. By gridding the emission inventory into a relatively high resolution of 0.1° × 0.1°, high-emission areas and hotspots were clearly identified. In general, eastern China had substantially higher vehicular IVOC emissions than western China. High-emission areas with emission intensity >10 Mg·grid covered most of the North China Plain, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta. The emission intensity over the downtown areas of Beijing and Shanghai exceeded 50 Mg·grid. In contrast, IVOC emissions over western China were relatively lower, with a network structure gathering around the traffic arteries serving inter-provincial transportation. This study underscored the importance of having a localized emission factor to better reflect the IVOC emission characteristics from Chinese vehicles and to improve the assessment of their environmental impacts.
中等挥发性有机化合物（IVOCs）在大气中有很大的潜力形成二次有机气溶胶（SOA）。因此，高分辨率的 IVOC 排放清单对于准确模拟 SOA 形成至关重要。本研究基于对各种车辆类型的 IVOC 排放因子和挥发性分布的本地化测量，开发了中国首个全国性的道路车辆 IVOC 排放清单。2019 年中国车辆 IVOC 总排放量估计为 241.2 Gg。重型卡车、轻型卡车和轻型客车的排放量最大，分别占总车辆 IVOC 排放量的 47.6%、24.6%和 16.9%。尽管数量上要高得多，但汽油车的排放量仅为 15.0%，远低于柴油车的贡献。挥发性箱 B-B 和 B-B 中的两个峰值分别占总 IVOC 排放量的 42.2%和 23.7%。通过将排放清单网格化到相对较高的 0.1°×0.1°分辨率，可以清楚地识别出高排放区域和热点。总体而言，中国东部的车辆 IVOC 排放量明显高于西部。排放强度>10 Mg·网格的高排放区域覆盖了华北平原、长江三角洲和珠江三角洲的大部分地区。北京和上海市中心地区的排放强度超过 50 Mg·网格。相比之下，中国西部的 IVOC 排放量相对较低，一个网络结构围绕着为省际交通服务的交通干线聚集。本研究强调了本地化排放因子的重要性，以更好地反映中国车辆的 IVOC 排放特征，并提高对其环境影响的评估。
