Grimmer Hilary J, Laukkonen Ruben E, Freydenzon Anna, von Hippel William, Tangen Jason M
School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Australia.
Faculty of Health, Southern Cross Univeristy, Australia.
Conscious Cogn. 2022 Sep;104:103384. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2022.103384. Epub 2022 Aug 4.
The FIAT paradigm (Grimmer et al., 2021) is a novel method of eliciting 'Aha' moments for incorrect solutions to anagrams in the laboratory, i.e. false insights. There exist many documented reports of psychotic symptoms accompanying strong feelings of 'Aha!' (Feyaerts, Henriksen, Vanheule, Myin-Germeys, & Sass, 2021; Mishara, 2010; Tulver, Kaup, Laukkonen, & Aru, 2021), suggesting that the newly developed FIAT could reveal whether people who have more false insights are more prone to psychosis and delusional belief. To test this possibility, we recruited 200 participants to take an adapted version of the FIAT and complete measures of thinking style and psychosis proneness. We found no association between experimentally induced false insights and measures of Schizotypy, Need for Cognition, Jumping to Conclusions, Aberrant Salience, Faith in Intuition, or the Cognitive Reflection Task. We conclude that experiencing false insights might not be constrained to any particular type of person, but rather, may arise for anyone under the right circumstances.
菲亚特范式(格林默等人,2021年)是一种在实验室中针对变位词错误解法引发“啊哈”时刻的新方法,即错误顿悟。有许多文献记载了伴随着强烈“啊哈!”之感出现的精神病症状(费亚茨、亨里克森、范霍勒、米因-热尔梅斯和萨斯,2021年;米沙拉,2010年;图尔弗、考普、劳科宁和阿鲁,2021年),这表明新开发的菲亚特范式可以揭示有更多错误顿悟的人是否更容易患精神病和产生妄想信念。为了检验这种可能性,我们招募了200名参与者来进行菲亚特范式的改编版测试,并完成思维方式和精神病倾向的测量。我们发现,实验诱导的错误顿悟与分裂型特质、认知需求、草率下结论、异常显著性、对直觉的信任或认知反思任务的测量之间没有关联。我们得出结论,经历错误顿悟可能并不局限于任何特定类型的人,而是在适当的情况下任何人都可能出现。