Urueña Sergio
University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
Soc Stud Sci. 2022 Aug 6:3063127221111469. doi: 10.1177/03063127221111469.
Within STS, there are three approaches to the creation and mobilization of futures: descriptive, normative, and interventive. Visions, expectations, and imaginaries are currently seen as anticipatory artifacts that close down the momentum of sociotechnical systems and, as such, are objects of critical scrutiny. At the same time, interventive techniques engaging with future representations are considered to be useful anticipatory instruments for opening up ranges of envisaged alternatives. This article reviews STS advances concerning the performativity of both and interventive anticipatory practices in shaping the momentum of sociotechnical systems in light of the phenomenon of modal power: the modulation dynamics of what actors deem to be (im)plausible and/or (un)desirable. The diverse attempts of STS scholars and practitioners to understand, critique, and engage with the politics of opening up and closing down the momentum of sociotechnical systems require engaging with the creation, mobilization, and execution of modal power. The heuristics presented here are intended to be useful in framing and recognizing the political-epistemic radicality that the creation and mobilization of sociotechnical futures holds in the constitution of our sociotechnical orders as well as the role that the attribution of (im)plausibility or (un)desirability plays in such processes.
在科学技术研究（STS）领域，有三种创造和推动未来发展的方法：描述性方法、规范性方法和干预性方法。愿景、期望和想象目前被视为会抑制社会技术系统发展动力的预期产物，因此成为批判性审视的对象。与此同时，与未来表征相关的干预技术被认为是有助于开拓一系列设想中的替代方案的预期工具。本文鉴于模态权力现象，回顾了科学技术研究在塑造社会技术系统发展动力方面，关于描述性和干预性预期实践的施为性的进展：即参与者认为什么是（不）合理和/或（不）可取的调节动态。科学技术研究学者和从业者理解、批判并参与到开启和抑制社会技术系统发展动力的政治活动中的各种尝试，需要涉及模态权力的创造、推动和实施。这里提出的启发式方法旨在有助于构建和认识到，社会技术未来的创造和推动在我们社会技术秩序的构成中所具有的政治认知激进性，以及（不）合理性或（不）可取性的归因在此类过程中所起的作用。
