Yang Lin, Zhu YaFei, Wu GuangSheng
Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Jul 22;10:882005. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.882005. eCollection 2022.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical data of a child with acute empyema caused by , and to investigate the diagnosis and treatment of this disease through literature review to improve the clinical understanding of this kind of disease.
A 6-year-old female with acute empyema was treated at the Department of Pediatrics of The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China. The pleural puncture fluid turned out to be yellow turbid pus, and the pleural effusion was diagnosed as empyema according to the classification of pleural effusions. High-throughput sequencing revealed the presence of . After comprehensive treatment, including antibiotics, closed pleural drainage, and intrapleural injection of urokinase, the pleural effusion was absorbed and discharged. A systematic literature search in Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP Chinese databases revealed no cases of acute empyema in children caused by and treated with urokinase.
There was no bronchopleural fistula and tension pneumothorax during the treatment. One month after discharge, chest computed tomography (CT) revealed no pleural thickening and normal pulmonary function.
Pneumonia in the child worsened after an initial improvement of symptoms, which is an issue that requires further medical attention. High-throughput sequencing of pathogens in pleural effusion can improve the detection rate. This study indicated that closed pleural drainage combined with intrapleural injection of urokinase is an effective treatment for empyema in children.
本研究旨在分析1例由[具体病因未给出]引起的儿童急性脓胸的临床资料，并通过文献复习探讨该疾病的诊断和治疗方法，以提高临床对这类疾病的认识。
一名6岁女性儿童因急性脓胸在杭州师范大学附属医院儿科接受治疗。胸腔穿刺液为黄色浑浊脓液，根据胸腔积液分类，该胸腔积液被诊断为脓胸。高通量测序显示存在[具体病原体未给出]。经过包括抗生素、胸腔闭式引流和胸腔内注射尿激酶在内的综合治疗，胸腔积液被吸收排出。在Pubmed、Embase、Scopus、中国知网、万方和维普中文数据库中进行系统文献检索，未发现由[具体病因未给出]引起且接受尿激酶治疗的儿童急性脓胸病例。
治疗期间未出现支气管胸膜瘘和张力性气胸。出院1个月后，胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）显示无胸膜增厚，肺功能正常。
该儿童肺炎在症状初步改善后病情恶化，这是一个需要进一步医学关注的问题。胸腔积液病原体的高通量测序可提高检测率。本研究表明，胸腔闭式引流联合胸腔内注射尿激酶是治疗儿童[具体病因未给出]脓胸的有效方法。
