Zafar Khan Muhammad Umar, Khalid Shumaila, Humza Muhammad, Yang Shunli, Alvi Mughees Aizaz, Munir Tahir, Ahmad Waqar, Iqbal Muhammad Zahid, Tahir Muhammad Farooq, Liu Yongsheng, Zhang Jie
Hebei Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China.
Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Front Vet Sci. 2022 Jul 22;9:762449. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.762449. eCollection 2022.
produces core virulence factors that are responsible for causing hemorrhagic abomasitis and enterotoxemia making food, animals, and humans susceptible to its infection. In this study, was isolated from necropsied intestinal content of buffalo and cattle belonging to four major bovine-producing regions in the Punjab Province of Pakistan for the purpose offind out the genetic variation. Out of total 160 bovine samples (: 160), thirty-three (: 33) isolates of were obtained from buffalo () and cattle () that were further subjected to biochemical tests; 16S rRNA based identification and toxinotyping was done using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and PFGE (Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis) pulsotypesfor genetic diversity. Occurrence of was found to be maximum in zone-IV (Bhakkar and Dera Ghazi Khan) according to the heatmap. Correlation was found to be significant and positive among the toxinotypes (α, and ε). Response surface methodology (RSM) central composite design (CCD) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) demonstrated substantial frequency of based toxinotypes in all sampling zones. PFGE distinguished all isolates into 26 different pulsotypes using subtyping. Co-clustering analysis based on PFGE further decoded a diversegenetic relationship among the collected isolates. This study could help us to advance toward disease array of and its probable transmission and control. This study demonstrates PFGE patterns from Pakistan, and typing of by PFGE helps illustrate and mitigate the incidence of running pulsotypes.
产生核心毒力因子，这些因子会导致出血性皱胃炎和肠毒血症，使食物、动物和人类易受其感染。在本研究中，从巴基斯坦旁遮普省四个主要养牛地区的水牛和牛的尸检肠道内容物中分离出[具体细菌名称未给出]，目的是找出其遗传变异。在总共160份牛样本（: 160）中，从水牛（: ）和牛（: ）中获得了33株[具体细菌名称未给出]分离株，并对其进行了进一步的生化试验；使用PCR（聚合酶链反应）和PFGE（脉冲场凝胶电泳）脉冲型进行基于16S rRNA的鉴定和毒素分型，以分析遗传多样性。根据热图，发现[具体细菌名称未给出]在四区（巴卡尔和德拉加齐汗）的出现率最高。毒素型（α、[未给出的毒素型]和ε）之间存在显著正相关。响应面法（RSM）、中心复合设计（CCD）和Box-Behnken设计（BBD）表明，在所有采样区中，基于[具体细菌名称未给出]的毒素型频率都很高。PFGE使用[具体亚型名称未给出]亚型将所有分离株分为26种不同的脉冲型。基于PFGE的共聚类分析进一步揭示了所收集分离株之间的多种遗传关系。这项研究可以帮助我们进一步了解[具体细菌名称未给出]的疾病情况及其可能的传播和控制。本研究展示了来自巴基斯坦的PFGE模式，通过PFGE对[具体细菌名称未给出]进行分型有助于说明和减轻流行脉冲型的发生率。
