Feng Zelin, Wei Qi, Ye Zhongru, Yang Baojun, Gao Yufan, Lv Jun, Dai Yanyun, Bao Jia, Yao Qing
School of Information Science and Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jul 22;13:897475. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.897475. eCollection 2022.
The brown planthopper (BPH), (Stål; Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is a piercing-sucking pest that causes serious damage to rice plants by sucking the phloem sap from the plants and transmitting viruses. During courtship, the BPH vibrates its abdomen to produce signals that are transmitted to rice plants through its legs. Male BPHs search, locate, and mate with female BPHs after they exchange courtship signals with each other. Currently, spraying chemical pesticides is still the primary method for controlling BPH populations in paddy fields, although this approach has led to severe environmental pollution. A physical control method based on BPH courtship disruption to reduce the mating rate is a promising strategy for cutting environmental pollution. To acquire effective courtship disruptive signals, we developed a vibration signal recording, monitoring, and playback system for BPHs. Using this system, BPH courtship signals and male competition signals were collected and analyzed to obtain their frequency spectra. Results show that the mean main vibration frequency of female courtship signals is 234 Hz and the mean pulse rate is 23 Hz. The mean main vibration and pulse frequencies of the male courtship signals are 255 Hz and 82 Hz, respectively. Besides, the mean main vibration frequency of the male competition signal is 281 Hz. Seven different forms and frequencies of artificial signals were played back to male BPHs, then the courtship and behavioral responses of male BPHs were analyzed. Results indicate that a pure tone of 225 Hz prevents the males from recognizing female courtship signals. The male reply rate fell from 95.6 to 33.3% and the mean reply delay time increased from 5.3 s to 9.1 s. The reply rates of the other six artificial signals ranged from 42.9 to 83.7%, and the mean reply delays were between 5.0 s and 9.3 s. Therefore, the courtship behavior of BPHs can be disrupted by using specific artificial disruptive signals.
褐飞虱（BPH），（斯塔尔；半翅目：飞虱科）是一种刺吸式害虫，通过吸食水稻植株韧皮部汁液并传播病毒，对水稻造成严重损害。在求偶过程中，褐飞虱振动腹部以产生通过腿部传递给水稻植株的信号。雄性褐飞虱在相互交换求偶信号后寻找、定位并与雌性褐飞虱交配。目前，喷洒化学农药仍然是控制稻田褐飞虱种群的主要方法，尽管这种方法已导致严重的环境污染。基于干扰褐飞虱求偶以降低交配率的物理控制方法是减少环境污染的一种有前景的策略。为了获取有效的求偶干扰信号，我们开发了一种用于褐飞虱的振动信号记录、监测和回放系统。利用该系统，收集并分析了褐飞虱的求偶信号和雄性竞争信号以获得它们的频谱。结果表明，雌性求偶信号的平均主振动频率为234赫兹，平均脉冲率为23赫兹。雄性求偶信号的平均主振动频率和脉冲频率分别为255赫兹和82赫兹。此外，雄性竞争信号的平均主振动频率为281赫兹。向雄性褐飞虱回放了七种不同形式和频率的人工信号，然后分析了雄性褐飞虱的求偶和行为反应。结果表明，225赫兹的纯音会阻止雄性识别雌性求偶信号。雄性的回应率从95.6%降至33.3%，平均回应延迟时间从5.3秒增加到9.1秒。其他六种人工信号的回应率在42.9%至83.7%之间，平均回应延迟在5.0秒至9.3秒之间。因此，使用特定的人工干扰信号可以干扰褐飞虱的求偶行为。
