Jiang Zhong-Hui, Shen Xianfeng, Wei Yanhong, Chen Yongji, Chai Hongbo, Xia Lingyun, Leng Weidong
Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.
Front Genet. 2022 Jul 22;13:927046. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.927046. eCollection 2022.
Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2) is a secreted glycoprotein which plays an important role in regulating the homeostasis of calcium, glucose homeostasis, and phosphorus metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that STC2 is implicated in cancer mechanisms. However, the effects of STC2 on cancer development and progression across pan-cancer are not yet completely known. Data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database to obtain differentially expressed genes significantly associated with prognosis (key genes). A gene was selected for subsequent correlation studies by integrating the significance of prognosis and the time-dependent ROC curve. Gene expression of different tumor types was analyzed based on the UCSC XENA website. Furthermore, our study investigated the correlation of STC2 expression between prognosis, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint genes (ICGs), mismatch repair genes (MMRs), tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and drug sensitivity in various malignant tumors. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted for correlated genes of STC2 to explore potential mechanisms. A total of 3,429 differentially expressed genes and 397 prognosis-related genes were identified from the TCGA database. Twenty-six key genes were found by crossing the former and the latter, and the highest risk gene, STC2, was selected for subsequent correlation studies. STC2 had good diagnostic performance for HNSCC, and was closely related to the survival status and clinicopathological stage of HNSCC patients. In pan-cancer analysis, STC2 was upregulated in 20 cancers and downregulated in seven cancers. STC2 overexpression was overall negatively correlated with overall survival, disease-free survival, disease-specific survival, and progress-free survival. STC2 was profoundly correlated with the tumor immune microenvironment, including immune cell infiltration, ICGs, MMRs, TMB, and MSI. Moreover, STC2 was significantly negatively correlated with the sensitivity or resistance of multiple drugs. STC2 was a potential prognostic biomarker for pan-cancer and a new immunotherapy target.
鲽源钙素-2（STC2）是一种分泌型糖蛋白，在调节钙稳态、葡萄糖稳态和磷转移中发挥重要作用。越来越多的证据表明STC2与癌症机制有关。然而，STC2在泛癌中对癌症发生发展的影响尚未完全明确。从癌症基因组图谱数据库下载数据以获取与预后显著相关的差异表达基因（关键基因）。通过整合预后的显著性和时间依赖性ROC曲线来选择一个基因进行后续的相关性研究。基于UCSC XENA网站分析不同肿瘤类型的基因表达。此外，我们的研究调查了STC2表达与各种恶性肿瘤的预后、免疫细胞浸润、免疫检查点基因（ICG）、错配修复基因（MMR）、肿瘤突变负荷（TMB）、微卫星不稳定性（MSI）和药物敏感性之间的相关性。对STC2的相关基因进行基因集富集分析（GSEA）以探索潜在机制。从TCGA数据库中鉴定出3429个差异表达基因和397个与预后相关的基因。通过将前者与后者交叉发现了26个关键基因，并选择风险最高的基因STC2进行后续的相关性研究。STC2对头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）具有良好的诊断性能，并且与HNSCC患者的生存状况和临床病理分期密切相关。在泛癌分析中，STC2在20种癌症中上调，在7种癌症中下调。STC2的过表达总体上与总生存期、无病生存期、疾病特异性生存期和无进展生存期呈负相关。STC2与肿瘤免疫微环境密切相关，包括免疫细胞浸润、ICG、MMR、TMB和MSI。此外，STC2与多种药物的敏感性或耐药性显著负相关。STC2是泛癌的潜在预后生物标志物和新的免疫治疗靶点。
