Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Aug 8;17(8):e0271167. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271167. eCollection 2022.
Only about 39% of infants in low- and middle-income countries are exclusively breast-fed for the first six months. In particular, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive women report confusion about the best feeding methods. Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) practices in HIV positive mothers are sub-optimal in Ethiopia. This study aimed to identify the main factors influencing EBF among HIV positive breast-feeding mothers. A facility based cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2017 to June 30 2018 among HIV positive mothers with infants aged 6-23 months. Thirteen public health facilities (7 health centers and 6 hospitals) that provided anti-retroviral treatment (ART) and Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services, found in three districts of West, East and Kellem Wollega Zones, were randomly selected. Respondents were recruited by systematic random sampling techniques from these facilities using client registers as a sampling frame. Data were collected using face to face interviews with a pre-tested questionnaire. Data were entered into EPI info Version 3.5.1 and analyzed using SPSS Version 20 for windows. Candidate variables for the final multi-variable model were selected considering P≤ 0.05 at bivariable analysis. Associations were declared at P≤ 0.05 by assuming Confidence Intervals did not cross '1'with corresponding 95%. A total of 218 HIV positive mothers were included in this study. Of these, only 122 (56.0%) practiced EBF in the first six months. The proportion of study participants who initiated EBF within the first hour of delivery was 134 (61.8%). Mean age of study participants was 28.6years with SD ± 4. Mothers' having received advice on EBF [AOR 3, 95% CI (1.2-6.7)], disclosure of HIV status to someone close to them including their husband [AOR 6, 95% CI (1.2-29.6)] and believing HIV can be transmitted during delivery [AOR 5.2, 95% CI (1.1-24.0)] were found to increase the likelihood of EBF practices among the study participants (P-value ≤ 0.05). In this study, only just over half of the mothers practiced EBF for the first six months. Care providers should continue to encourage mothers to practice EBF in the first six months and to disclosure of HIV status to someone close to them including their partner. Efforts should be in place to curb the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission during delivery. Continues advise for mothers to practice EBF in the first 6 months is still needed.
仅有约 39%的中低收入国家的婴儿在头 6 个月完全接受母乳喂养。特别是 HIV 阳性妇女对最佳喂养方法感到困惑。在埃塞俄比亚，HIV 阳性母亲的纯母乳喂养做法并不理想。本研究旨在确定影响 HIV 阳性母乳喂养母亲纯母乳喂养的主要因素。2017 年 9 月至 2018 年 6 月 30 日，在三个地区的 13 个公共卫生机构（7 个卫生中心和 6 个医院）中进行了一项基于设施的横断面研究，这些机构提供抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 和预防母婴传播 (PMTCT) 服务。使用客户登记簿作为抽样框架，通过系统随机抽样技术从这些设施中招募受访者。使用经过预测试的问卷进行面对面访谈收集数据。数据输入 EPI info 版本 3.5.1，并使用 SPSS 版本 20 for windows 进行分析。在单变量分析中考虑 P≤0.05 的情况下，选择最终多变量模型的候选变量。通过假设置信区间不与相应的 95%交叉“1”，将关联声明为 P≤0.05。这项研究共纳入 218 名 HIV 阳性母亲。其中，只有 122 名（56.0%）在头 6 个月内进行了纯母乳喂养。在分娩后第一个小时内开始纯母乳喂养的研究参与者比例为 134 名（61.8%）。研究参与者的平均年龄为 28.6 岁，标准差±4。研究参与者接受有关纯母乳喂养的建议 [AOR 3，95%CI（1.2-6.7)]、向亲近的人包括配偶透露 HIV 状况 [AOR 6，95%CI（1.2-29.6)] 和相信 HIV 可以在分娩过程中传播 [AOR 5.2，95%CI（1.1-24.0)]，发现这些因素会增加研究参与者实施纯母乳喂养的可能性（P 值≤0.05）。在这项研究中，只有略多于一半的母亲在前 6 个月进行了纯母乳喂养。护理提供者应继续鼓励母亲在前 6 个月进行纯母乳喂养，并向包括配偶在内的亲近的人透露 HIV 状况。应努力遏制分娩期间 HIV/AIDS 传播的风险。仍然需要继续为母亲提供在前 6 个月进行纯母乳喂养的建议。
