Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Public Health. 2012 Mar 26;12:240. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-240.
It has been estimated that 430,000 children under 15 years of age were newly infected with HIV in 2008, and more than 71% are living in sub-Saharan Africa. In the absence of intervention to prevent mother-to-child transmission, 30-45% of infants born to HIV-positive mothers in developing countries become infected during pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding. The aim of this study was to assess infant feeding practice and associated factors of HIV positive mothers attending prevention of mother to child transmission and antiretroviral therapy clinics of Northwest Ethiopia.
Institution based cross sectional study was conducted from January to May 2011 among all HIV positive mothers with less than two years old child attending prevention of mother to child transmission and antiretroviral therapy clinics in Gondar Town health institutions. A structured pre-tested questionnaire using interview technique was used for data collection. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 16 statistical package.
A total of 209 HIV positive mothers were included in the study. Of these, 187 (89.5%) had followed the recommended way of infant feeding practice while significant percentage (10.5%) had practiced mixed breast feeding. In multivariate analysis, disclosure of HIV status with their spouse, insufficient breast milk and occupational status were found to be independently associated (p-value of < 0.05) with recommended infant feeding practice. Lack of resource, stigma of HIV/AIDS, and husband opposition were also obtained as factors that influenced choice of infant feeding options by respondents.
Higher proportion of respondents used the recommended way of infant feeding practice by WHO as well as by Ethiopian Ministry of Health. However, mixed feeding in the first 6 months of age, an undesirable practice in infant feeding, were reported in this study. Infant feeding education that is aligned to national policy should be strengthened in primary health care, particularly in situations where prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV is prioritized.
据估计，2008 年有 43 万名 15 岁以下的儿童新感染艾滋病毒，其中 71%以上生活在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。在没有干预措施预防母婴传播的情况下，发展中国家 30-45%的艾滋病毒阳性母亲所生婴儿会在怀孕、分娩和母乳喂养期间感染艾滋病毒。本研究旨在评估在西北埃塞俄比亚参加预防母婴传播和抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所的艾滋病毒阳性母亲的婴儿喂养方式及其相关因素。
2011 年 1 月至 5 月，在贡德尔镇医疗机构内，对所有不到两岁的艾滋病毒阳性母亲进行了基于机构的横断面研究。采用访谈技术，使用经过预测试的结构化问卷收集数据。使用 SPSS 版本 16 统计软件包对数据进行录入和分析。
共有 209 名艾滋病毒阳性母亲参与了这项研究。其中，187 名（89.5%）遵循了推荐的婴儿喂养方式，而相当大比例（10.5%）采用了混合母乳喂养。在多变量分析中，与配偶公开艾滋病毒状况、母乳不足和职业状况与推荐的婴儿喂养方式相关（p 值<0.05）。缺乏资源、艾滋病毒/艾滋病耻辱感和丈夫反对也是受访者选择婴儿喂养方式的影响因素。
大多数受访者遵循了世界卫生组织和埃塞俄比亚卫生部推荐的婴儿喂养方式。然而，在这项研究中，报告了在婴儿 6 个月内混合喂养，这是一种不可取的婴儿喂养方式。在初级卫生保健中，应加强与国家政策一致的婴儿喂养教育，特别是在优先考虑预防母婴传播艾滋病毒的情况下。
