Chi Chih-Wen, Lohanathan Bharathi Priya, Wong Ching-Ching, Chen Che-Lun, Lin Hsun-Chang, Chiang Yu-Chih
School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10016, Taiwan; Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, Taiwan.
School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan University and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10016, Taiwan.
Biomater Adv. 2022 Sep;140:213045. doi: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213045. Epub 2022 Jul 26.
Vital pulp therapy (VPT) has gained significant consideration by utilizing the natural healing capacity of the inflamed pulp in healing process. However, the protective pulp capping materials that facilitate this healing process are still under investigation for the successful promotion of dentin-pulp regeneration. Herein, we developed a bioactive and biodegradable pulp capping material (denoted as sCSHA-GFs) by synthesizing inorganic submicron calcium sulfate hemihydrate (sCS)/porous hydroxyapatite (HA) loaded with growth factors (GFs) such as transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Physiochemical characteristics of submicron CSHA-GFs (sCSHA-GFs) cement were determined. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were used for analyzing their biocompatibility and bioactivity for dentin mineralization. To evaluate the efficacy of sCSHA-GFs, we compared it with a commercial material, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), the reference standard used clinically on pulp capping. Our results showed that sCSHA-GFs cement presented good biodegradability with dissolution properties for sustained release of calcium (Ca) ions and GFs, and facilitated attachment, proliferation, differentiation and migration of hDPSCs. In addition, sCSHA-GFs cement was found to be more effective than MTA at prolonged incubation time in inducing the mRNA expression levels of odontoblastic differentiation markers, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and dentin matrix protein (DMP-1), leading to increased mineralization (with calcium deposits) along with increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expressions, evident from Alizarin Red S and ALP staining assays. Our findings suggest that sCSHA-GFs cement may act as a suitable material in VPT for dentin-pulp regeneration.
活髓治疗（VPT）通过利用炎症牙髓在愈合过程中的自然愈合能力而受到了广泛关注。然而，促进这一愈合过程的保护性牙髓盖髓材料仍在研究中，以成功促进牙本质-牙髓再生。在此，我们通过合成负载生长因子（GFs）（如转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）、成纤维细胞生长因子-2（FGF-2）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF））的无机亚微米硫酸钙半水合物（sCS）/多孔羟基磷灰石（HA），开发了一种生物活性和可生物降解的牙髓盖髓材料（称为sCSHA-GFs）。测定了亚微米CSHA-GFs（sCSHA-GFs）水泥的物理化学特性。使用人牙髓干细胞（hDPSCs）分析其生物相容性和对牙本质矿化的生物活性。为了评估sCSHA-GFs的疗效，我们将其与一种商业材料——三氧化矿物凝聚体（MTA）进行了比较，MTA是临床上用于牙髓盖髓的参考标准。我们的结果表明，sCSHA-GFs水泥具有良好的生物降解性，具有溶解特性以持续释放钙离子和生长因子，并促进hDPSCs的附着、增殖、分化和迁移。此外，在延长孵育时间时，发现sCSHA-GFs水泥在诱导成牙本质细胞分化标志物牙本质涎磷蛋白（DSPP）和牙本质基质蛋白（DMP-1）的mRNA表达水平方面比MTA更有效，导致矿化增加（有钙沉积）以及碱性磷酸酶（ALP）表达增加，茜素红S和ALP染色试验证明了这一点。我们的研究结果表明，sCSHA-GFs水泥可能是活髓治疗中用于牙本质-牙髓再生的合适材料。
