Spagnuolo Gianrico, De Luca Ilenia, Iaculli Flavia, Barbato Eleonora, Valletta Alessandra, Calarco Anna, Valentino Anna, Riccitiello Francesco
Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET)-CNR, Naples, Italy.
Dent Mater. 2023 May;39(5):485-491. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.03.017. Epub 2023 Mar 17.
Dentin-pulp complex is object of interest in the regenerative endodontic field as well as the natural function of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) that may differentiate into specific cells able to repair and/or regenerate both hard and soft dental structures. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of hDPSCs to differentiate in odontoblastic-like cells by evaluating the expression of specific odontogenic-related genes and to prove the ability of treatment with calcium-based materials such as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).
hDPSCs were obtained and isolated from a third molar of a young patient. Odontogenic-related gene expression was assessed unti1 28 days of culture as well as alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP). hDPSCs were cultured in odontoblastic-induction medium used as control, and in presence of different concentrations of CaCO Ca(OH)₂, and MTA.
The results demonstrated an upregulation in odontoblastic cell-related genes, in particular of the early differentiation marker known as matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE), as well as increased ALP activity and the presence of calcium deposits, mainly by stimulation with calcium derivatives. In this regard, treatment of pulp tissue with CaCO, Ca(OH) and even better with MTA seemed to be effective for dentinogenesis.
The ease of isolation of hDPSCs from discarded or extracted teeth offers a promising source of autologous cells that may be applied for regenerative purpose in combination with selected bioactive materials. However, further investigations should be conducted to confirm the obtained results.
牙本质-牙髓复合体是再生牙髓领域的研究对象，人类牙髓干细胞（hDPSCs）的自然功能是能够分化为特定细胞，从而修复和/或再生牙齿的硬组织和软组织结构。本研究的目的是通过评估特定牙源性相关基因的表达，来评价hDPSCs向成牙本质样细胞分化的能力，并验证使用碳酸钙（CaCO₃）、氢氧化钙（Ca(OH)₂）和三氧化矿物凝聚体（MTA）等钙基材料进行治疗的效果。
从一名年轻患者的第三磨牙中获取并分离hDPSCs。在培养28天内评估牙源性相关基因的表达以及碱性磷酸酶活性（ALP）。将hDPSCs培养在用作对照的成牙本质诱导培养基中，以及在不同浓度的CaCO₃、Ca(OH)₂和MTA存在的条件下。
结果表明，成牙本质细胞相关基因上调，特别是被称为基质细胞外磷酸糖蛋白（MEPE）的早期分化标志物，同时ALP活性增加且有钙沉积，主要是通过钙衍生物的刺激。在这方面，用CaCO₃、Ca(OH)₂处理牙髓组织，甚至用MTA处理似乎对牙本质形成有效。
从废弃或拔除的牙齿中轻松分离hDPSCs，提供了一个有前景的自体细胞来源，可与选定的生物活性材料联合用于再生目的。然而，应进行进一步研究以证实所得结果。
